We derive strain-gradient plasticity from a nonlocal phase-field model of dislocations in plane. After scaling, the elastic interaction we continuous energy with linear growth depending on measure which characterizes macroscopic dislocation density as well effective representing far-field between dislocations. Relaxation and formation microstructures at intermediate scales are automatically inc...

Z-DNA binding proteins (ZBPs) play important roles in RNA editing, innate immune response and viral infection. Structural and biophysical studies show that ZBPs initially form an intermediate complex with B-DNA for B-Z conversion. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of Z-DNA binding and B-Z transition is still lacking, due to the absence of structural information on the inte...

Structured RNAs traverse complex energy landscapes that include valleys representing misfolded intermediates. In Neurospora crassa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, efficient splicing of mitochondrial group I and II introns requires the DEAD box proteins CYT-19 and Mss116p, respectively, which promote folding transitions and function as general RNA chaperones. To test the generality of RNA misfoldi...

CONTEXT The American Osteopathic Association developed its Clinical Assessment Program (AOA-CAP) for Residencies to provide a mechanism for osteopathic residency programs to measure and improve their quality of patient care. OBJECTIVE To compare program performance in processes of care and intermediate outcomes for patients with diabetes mellitus in residency programs that contributed data to...

Recent experimental work has shown that the width of the intermediate phase varies considerably in chalcogenide glasses containing Ge/As/Se. As the chemical composition is varied within a series of glasses, three phases are observed. As the mean coordination of the glass is increased, the floppy phase evolves through the intermediate phase rigid but unstressed into the rigid and stressed phase....

BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTC) predict overall survival in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. The objective of this study is to measure CTC before radical prostatectomy in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study accrued 12 patients and 10 provided adequate peripheral blood sample. Blood was drawn preoperatively and assayed for CTC...

INTRODUCTION Success rates with emergent endotracheal intubation (ETI) improve with increasing provider experience. Few objective metrics exist to quantify differences in ETI technique between providers of various skill levels. We tested the feasibility of using motion capture videography to quantify variability in the motions of the left hand and the laryngoscope in providers with various expe...

An intermediate response measure that accurately predicts efficacy in a new setting can reduce trial cost and time to product licensure. In this article, we define a trial level general surrogate, which is an intermediate response that can be used to accurately predict efficacy in a new setting. Methods for evaluating general surrogates have been developed previously. Many methods in the litera...

Problem statement: The problem is to classify a given web query to a set of 67 target categories. The target categories are ranked based on the degree of similarity to a given query. Approach: The feature set is the set of intermediate categories retrieved from a directory search engine for a given query. Using direct mapping and Normalized Web Distance (NWD) the intermediate categories are map...