BACKGROUND Renal injury is the main side effect of cisplatin (CP), an anticancer drug. It has been shown that pretreatment with single-dose oxygen (0.5 to six hours) could reduce CP-induced renal toxicity in rats. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to compare the effects of pretreatment with single-dose and intermittent O2 on CP-induced nephrotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male rats ...

PURPOSE Antitumor clinical activity has been demonstrated for the MDM2 antagonist RG7112, but patient tolerability for the necessary daily dosing was poor. Here, utilizing RG7388, a second-generation nutlin with superior selectivity and potency, we determine the feasibility of intermittent dosing to guide the selection of initial phase I scheduling regimens. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A pharmacokine...

Prior studies have shown that neurons within the spinal cord are sensitive to response-outcome relations, a form of instrumental learning. Spinally transected rats that receive shock to one hind leg learn to maintain the leg in a flexed position that minimizes net shock exposure (controllable shock). Prior exposure to uncontrollable stimulation (intermittent shock) inhibits this spinally mediat...

BACKGROUND Exposure to intermittent magnetic fields of 16 Hz has been shown to reduce heart rate variability, and decreased heart rate variability predicts cardiovascular mortality. We examined mortality from cardiovascular causes in railway workers exposed to varying degrees to intermittent 16.7 Hz magnetic fields. METHODS We studied a cohort of 20,141 Swiss railway employees between 1972 an...

We hypothesized that, in male rats, 10% fructose in drinking water would depress ventilatory responsiveness to acute hypoxia (10% O2 in N2) and hypercapnia (5% CO2 in O2) that would be depressed further by exposure to intermittent hypoxia. Minute ventilation (Ve) in air and in response to acute hypoxia and hypercapnia was evaluated in 10 rats before fructose feeding (FF), during 6 wk of FF, and...

Ventilatory instability, reflected by enhanced acute hypoxic (AHVR) and hypercapnic (AHCVR) ventilatory responses is a fundamental component of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) pathogenesis. Intermittent hypoxia-induced inflammation is postulated to promote AHVR enhancement in OSA, although the role of inflammation in intermittent hypoxia-induced respiratory changes in humans has not been examine...

NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Intermittent hypercapnia is a concomitant feature of breathing disorders. Hypercapnic stimuli evoke a form of respiratory plasticity known as phrenic long-term depression in experimental animals. This study was performed to investigate the putative role of serotonin receptors in the initiation of phrenic long-term depression in anaestheti...

Objective Continuous and intermittent stimuli with green light affect the pupillary light response (PLR) differently. Since the majority of pupillometric studies use blue and red lights, we investigated the effect of continuous and intermittent stimulations on the PLR using red and blue lights. Methods Seventeen healthy subjects underwent continuous- and intermittent light stimuli, using red ...

We studied the effects of intermittent exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on hepatic DNA and RNA adduct formation. Fisher-344 male rats were fed 0.01, 0.04, 0.4, or 1.6 ppm of AFB1 intermittently for 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks, alternating with 4 weeks of dosing and 4 weeks of rest. Other groups of rats were fed 1.6 ppm of AFB1 continuously for 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks. Control rats received AFB1-free ...