Biological effects due to RF whole-body exposure can be caused by core temperature rise. According to safety guidelines, therefore, whole-body averaged specific absorption rate (WBA-SAR) is being used as a metric for human protection. The threshold level causing thermal effects was determined based on animal experimental results. In order to investigate the relationship between WBA-SAR and core...

The two most characteristic properties of an ultrasonic wave are the frequency and the power. It is therefore important to determine the power in a given reactor. This can be done by calorimetry, i.e. by measuring the temperature rise in the vessel during sonication starting at thermal equilibrium with the surroundings (classic calorimetry) [1-3]. However, the classic ultrasonic calorimetry has...

E ARLIER investigations ' 2 with mammalian heart muscle have shown that the resting potential drops only slightly when the temperature is lowered from 37 to 20 C , but decreases considerably upon further cooling. Coraboeuf and Weidmann suggested 3 possible explanations for the depolarization in the cold: (1) a rise of the Na permeability relative to the K and Cl permeabilities of the fiber memb...

In this paper, the superposition method is used to investigate the complete temperature field of a lightemitting diode (LED) packaging substrate, based on the results of transient temperature rise measurements and the thermal resistance coupling matrix. The feasibility of use of the superposition method in an LED array with multiple packages has been proved first by temperature comparisons with...