PURPOSE To compare the intravitreal pharmacokinetic profile of a triamcinolone acetonide formulation containing the preservative benzyl alcohol (TA-BA) versus a preservative-free triamcinolone acetonide formulation (TA-PF), and evaluate potential signs of toxicity to the retina. METHODS A total of 60 New Zealand male white rabbits, divided into two groups, were studied. In the TA-BA group, 30...

Introduction: Macular edema (ME) occurs in a wide variety of ocular situations like uveitis, trauma, vascular retinopathies, hereditary dystrophies, and intraocular surgery. It is one of the most important causes of visual disturbance in patients with retinal vein occlusions. Materials and Methods: A total of 43 eyes of 43 patients with ME due to retinal vein occlusion were randomized to receiv...

PURPOSE To describe the changes in retinal vascular caliber in response to a single injection of intravitreal triamcinolone (IVTA) in patients with refractory diabetic macular edema. METHODS Prospective data from a randomized clinical trial were used. The effects of IVTA versus sham injections in patients with refractory diabetic macular edema were evaluated in a randomized clinical trial inv...

In this case, macular hole was not observed preoperatively, as the preoperative OCT shows (except for a small subfoveal serous elevation), or intraoperatively. Although the exact timing of hole formation could not be established in this case, neither intraoperative tugging nor postoperative premacular fibrosis are likely to represent the mechanism for hole formation. Rather, pre-existing macula...

Aim: To investigate the intraocular pressure (IOP) response after intravitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide as treatment of intraocular neovascular or oedematous diseases. Methods: The prospective consecutive non-comparative interventional case series study included 71 patients (75 eyes) with progressive exudative age related macular degeneration (n = 64 eyes) or diffuse diabetic macul...

The eye is a model organ for the local delivery of therapeutics. This proves beneficial when treating vitreous inflammation and other ophthalmic pathologies. The chronicity of certain diseases, however, limits the effectiveness of locally administered drugs. To maintain such treatments often requires frequent office visits and can result in increased risk of infection and toxicity to the patien...

objectives: geographic tongue or migratory glossitis is an inflammatory disorder with unknown etiology. considering the accompanied burning pain, taste dysfunction, and lack of definite cure, it is important to treat this condition symptomatically. the objective of the current study was to compare the efficacy of a combination of 0.05% retinoic acid and 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide with that of...

Background: Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by cutaneous and mucosal blistering. Surprisingly, the management of oral lesions has been detailed only infrequently. As current topical therapies for oral lesions are of limited efficacy, application of calcineurin inhibitors is considered to be a potential option. The aim of this essay was to investigate the efficacy ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the early effects of triamcinolone acetonide as monotherapy or as an adjuvant to ocular verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) on angiogenesis in human choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration. METHODS Retrospective review of an interventional series of 55 patients who underwent CNV extraction. Eleven patients were treated with int...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the outcome of repeated intravitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide for the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration. METHODS This prospective, comparative nonrandomized clinical interventional study included 13 patients with progressive exudative age-related macular degeneration with occult, or predominantly occult, subfoveal neovascularization. Al...