Many studies on policy implementation have emphasized the difficulties of putting policies into practice. The paper presents several ways in which Dutch non-profit housing providers incorporate their energy saving policies in their ‘regular’ housing management regarding the existing stock, such as planned preventive maintenance, renovations and other physical improvements. Several housing assoc...

Do liquidity constraints prohibit individuals from making optimal consumption and investment decisions over the life cycle? I test for the existence of short-run credit constraints surrounding the decision to invest in college, which is of particular concern given the large recent increases in the real cost of college attendance. I add to the literature on higher education credit constraints by...

Over the past decade, housing costs have risen faster than incomes. The need for affordable rental housing has well outpaced the number of available units as well as funding allocations at the federal level. Local regulation and land use policies that increase the cost of subsidized, mixed-income housing construction and preservation have contributed to the affordability problem. To meet the af...

The study of memory for event duration in pigeons has, for the most part, centered on an unusual behavioral phenomenon and an interesting theoretical explanation for it. A typical experiment on memory for event duration involves trials initiated by a sample stimulus that is either short or long in duration (e.g., 2 vs. 10 sec of houselight) and that is later followed by the simultaneous present...

T he Federal Reserve has made significant progress toward price stability over the last two decades. The annual inflation rate has declined from 13 percent in the early 1980s to roughly 2 percent today. The current environment of low and stable inflation has fostered superior economic performance. Lower inflation has led to lower interest rates, which in turn have helped spur investment, foster...

The current trend in US public housing redevelopment is to replace existing high-rise, high density 'projects' with new lower density, mixed-income communities. The underlying assumption is that mixing together market rate and public housing units will result in social interaction of low-income and middle-income families, which in turn is to provide greater opportunities and reduce social isola...

This paper pursues an econometric investigation of the interactions between Japan’s housing investment and gross domestic product (GDP). A cointegrated vector autoregressive (VAR) analysis of Japan’s recent time series data reveals two cointegrating relationships, which characterize the underlying long-run interactions of the variables in question. The cointegrated VAR model is then reduced to ...