The laser strength of many materials under multipulse irradiation is usually significantly lower than their single-pulse irradiation. ‘accumulation’ effect reduces the impurity composition and mass evaporated substance from surface solid increases resistance solid, maximum ion charge ratio W in subthreshold above threshold region power density, without requiring additional radiation energy.

Calcium ion induces in the myxobacterium Stigmatella aurantiaca the ability to glide on solid surfaces and to become cohesive (D. F. Gilmore and D. White, J. Bacteriol. 161:113-117, 1985; B. J. Womack, D. F. Gilmore, and D. White, J. Bacteriol. 171:6093-6096, 1989). The addition of calcium ion to the growth medium resulted in the formation of extracellular fibrils, the appearance in the membran...

Fluoride ion channels of the Fluc family combat toxicity arising from accumulation of environmental F-. Although crystal structures are known, the densely packed pore region has precluded delineation of the ion pathway. Here we chart out the Fluc pore and characterize its chemical requirements for transport. A ladder of H-bond donating residues creates a 'polar track' demarking the ion-conducti...

Vanadium ion is toxic to animals. However, vanadium is also an agent used for chemoprotection against cancers in animals. To understand both the toxic and beneficial effects we studied vanadium distribution in rats. Accumulation of vanadium in the liver nuclei of rats given low doses of compounds in the +4 or +5 oxidation state was greater than in the liver nuclei of rats given high doses of va...

A new ion trapping technique, involving the accumulation of ions in a cyclical drift tube, as a means of enhancing ion signals for scanning ion cyclotron mobility measurements has been modeled by computational simulations and demonstrated experimentally. In this approach, multiple packets of ions are periodically released from a source region into the on ramp region of the cyclical drift tube a...

Loss of ion homeostasis plays a central role in pathogenesis of ischemic cell damage. Ischemia-induced perturbation of ion homeostasis leads to intracellular accumulation of Ca2+ and Na+ and subsequent activation of proteases, phospholipases, and formation of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals. This signal transduction cascade results in long-term functional and structural changes in membrane an...

Ion implantation induced phase transformation and the crystal structure of a series ion implanted β-Ga 2 O 3 samples were studied using electron diffraction, high resolution transmission microscopy, scanning microscopy. In contrast to previous reports suggesting an orthorhombic κ-phase, we show that for 28 Si + , 58 Ni stoichiometric 69 Ga / 16 -implantations, monoclinic β-phase transforms cubi...

Establishment of adventitious root cultures of Peritassa campestris (Celastraceae) was achieved from seed cotyledons cultured in semisolid Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with 2% sucrose, 0.01% PVP, and 4.0 mg L⁻¹ IBA. Culture period on accumulation of biomass and quinone-methide triterpene maytenin in adventitious root were investigated. The accumulation of maytenin in these roots was co...