Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are unique electroactive polymers that show promise as actuators in soft robotics and biomedical applications. The modeling numerical simulation of the behavior these materials significantly complicated by nature underlying electrochemical phenomena, which occur nanometer-thick layers proximity electrodes. Hence, dielectric constant IPMCs is often rescaled...

Abstract This review is intended to provide an overview of the design and fabrication ionic liquid-based electroactive polymer (IL-iEAP) transducers for advanced applications in biological electronic fields. The iEAP a class smart materials that can perform sensing or actuating functions by controlling movement cations anions active layer. type material deform under low voltage stimulation gene...

Abstract Chemical modification of lignocellulosic fillers is a hydrophobization process that has been used for years in the production wood-polymer composites (WPCs). However, finding new, more effective modifiers still big challenge and remains subject much research. This study involved chemical wood with use newly designed ammonium imidazolium ionic liquids containing reactive functional grou...

Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMCs) consist of two noble metal electrodes plating an electroactive polymeric membrane, referred to as ionomer, which is electroneutralised by a solvent including mobile ions. The IPMC manufacturing leads thin interphase regions next the electrodes, so-called Composite Layers (CLs), in atoms occupy interstitial sites within ionomer. In this work we extend previ...

Ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMCs) consist of a perfluorinated ionomer membrane (usually Nafion or Flemion) plated on both faces with a noble metal such as gold or platinum and neutralized with a certain amount of counterions that balance the electrical charge of anions covalently fixed to the membrane backbone. IPMCs are electroactive materials that can be used as actuators and sensors. Th...

A versatile, low-energy and solvent-free method to access nanoparticles (NPs) of four different transition metals, based on a bottom-up mechanochemical procedure involving milling of inorganic precursors, is presented. Lignin, a biomass waste, was used effectively as a reducing agent, for the first time in a mechanochemical context, to access MNPs where M = Au, Pd, Ru, Re. A series of metal pre...