To assess genetic diversity and maternal origin of Turkish and Iranian native chicken breeds, we analyzed the mtDNA D-loop sequences of 222 chickens from 2 Turkish (Denizli and Gerze) and 7 Iranian (White Marandi, Black Marandi, Naked Neck, Common Breed, Lari, West Azarbaijan, and New Hampshire) native chicken breeds, together with the available reference sequences of G. gallus gallus in GenBan...

The role of Customs in international trade has been crucial for many years, and with the ongoing changes landscape, their become even more significant. article underlines importance customs logistics approach increasing quality authorities' services. essence logistics, its basic aspects, methodologies were researched order to identify state-foreign interactions during service provision main iss...

this issue of the journal deals with the heritage of ancient civilizations that have flourished and endured more or less in the important areas of the ancient east; among the central asian countries where they are called the great khorasan and transoxiana and house different ethnic groups with different customs and beliefs, unique nature, precious reserves. people of the land have gone through ...

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), a precancerous condition of the oral cavity, has been studied by a number of workers in the field. The available epidemiological data showed a clear-cut geographical and ethnic predisposition, which suggested that certain customs/habits prevalent among the population groups in south-east Asia might be possible etiological factors. However, none of these customs w...

This paper examines how trade sanctions affect the allocation of workers across formal and informal employment. We analyse case unexpected unprecedented imposed on Iran in 2012. use a difference-in-differences approach compare probability working sector before after 2012 for individuals employed industries with pre-existing different levels exposure to international trade. Combining employment ...

یکی از شیوه های آشنایی با آداب، رسوم وسنّتهای اقوام وقبیله های گذشته، بررسی آثار ادبی بزرگی است که از آن روزگاران به یادگار مانده است. دستیابی به آیینها وباورهای مردمان اعصار پیشین، به عنوان بخشی پایدار از فرهنگ جامعه از طریق بررسی دیوان شاعران، متون ادبی واسناد تاریخی نیز امکان پذیر خواهد بود. آیینهایی همچون ازدواج، سوگواری، بازیها وسرگرمیها وجشنها وچگونگی برپایی آنها از جمله مواردی است که در ا...