The efforts were made in the present study to seek two objectives: determining the effect of Telegram as a social network on second language achievement of Iranian foreign language (EFL) learners, and exploring the EFL learner’ attitude toward using Telegram for language learning purposes. To this end, 40 EFL learners were randomly selected and then divided into two groups of experimental and c...

this paper investigates the use of ‘lexical bundles’ in two broad corpora of journalistic writing. the aim of this study is to compare the use of lexical bundles in the two domains, one consisted of newspaper articles written in english and published in england and the other one comprised of newspaper articles written in persian from iranian publications. for this purpose, the frequency of occu...

This study embarks upon uncovering the probable difference in willingness to communicate between Iranian male and female EFL learners. To undertake the present research, it was limited to socio-cognitive perspective. More precisely, it aimed to distinguish the types and frequency of socio-cognitive strategies used by Iranian students as far as their gender was concerned. In doing so, 32 advance...

We propose a reading time model for learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) that is based on a learner’s reading proficiency and the linguistic properties of sentences. Reading proficiency here refers to a learner’s reading score on the Test of English for International Communications (TOEIC), and the linguistic properties are the lexical, syntactic and discourse complexities of a sente...