OBJECTIVE To assess whether screening for mental disorder before the start of the 2003 Iraq war would have predicted subsequent mental disorders. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study of the United Kingdom armed forces. PARTICIPANTS 2820 of 2873 personnel of the three services who completed an initial questionnaire in 2002 were asked to complete a second questionnaire between June 2004 and 2 Mar...

The present study concerns editing of translations in Iran during the Iran-Iraq War,which in the official discourse of the country is known as the Sacred Defense. Itargues that editing, in its local sense, advocated a linguistic purism inspired by aredefined nationalism, which went hand in hand with identity politics andsnowballed into a movement of resistance.

Gastroenteritis affected many British military personnel during the war in Iraq. In the first month, 1,340 cases were seen; 73% of patients required hospital admission and 36% were hospital staff. In a survey of 500 hospital staff, 76% reported gastroenteritis, which was more likely in clinical workers. Investigations showed only caliciviruses.

Extensive research demonstrates that war casualties depress incumbent popularity. The present study argues that analyses of the political costs of warfare should also account for the financial toll of wars since a) financial costs of wars are substantial, b) these costs are publicly observed and understood and c) fiscal policy affects incumbents' approval ratings. Empirical evidence based on US...

Although documentation that war inflicts psychological casualties dates back to the American Civil War and earlier, most research began after the Vietnam conflict, when studies focused on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). With ongoing conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, there has been significant research to illuminate the epidemiology of war-related psychological casualties. Significant fi...

Each major war tends to have a „signature injury‟, with traumatic brain injury (TBI) associated with the Iraq war (Operation Iraqi Freedom II and Operation Enduring Freedom) due to the high incidence of personnel injured by IED (improvised explosive devices). Based upon successful outcomes in a rat model, this study in swine examined the efficacy of application of either 50 or 100 mm Hg vacuum ...