Aluminium, with more than 50 Mt annual production in 2016, is an essential material in modern engineering designs of lightweight structures. To obtain aluminium ingots from bauxite, three main processes are involved: the Bayer process to produce alumina from bauxite; the anode manufacturing process to produce electrodes, and the smelting process using the Hall-Héroult technology. The Hall-Hérou...

Western Australia is unique in its botanical diversity. There are over 7000 species of native vascular plants of which over 3000 are endemic (Keighery 1992). Phytophthora cinnamomi has a major impact on this diverse flora and directly effects over 2000 species from a diverse range of plant families (Wills 1993). Its indirect effects in terms of botanical impact through the loss of vertebrate an...

to win a war, it is necessary to liberate a certain strategic areas of the enemy or to destruct their forces completely. halting the iraqi army prevented them from achieving their goals, however, it didn't mean as a military defeat for them, especially that iraq had an important part of the iranian areas and border towns in his occupation and was able to put iran under pressure to gain a c...

abstract rhetorical structure is helpful in improving how the writers maintain cohesion in their writings. this study examines how the iraqi writers maintain cohesion in the text by analyzing the various rhetorical moves in azzaman, an online iraqi newspaper. to this purpose, twelve opinion articles from azzaman iraqi newspaper, published from january 2013 to june 2013 were analyzed. the findin...

Weathering is a complex process comprising physical disaggregation, chemical and biological decomposition of rocks and minerals transforming complex structure minerals in simpler ones. Hydrolysis of silicates is perhaps the most important process but associated certainly to biological weathering. It is discussed the role ofwaters: activities/concentrations of chemical species, pH, Eh, importanc...