Aim: To compare the efficiency of sonic irrigation, passive ultrasonic and conventional syringe irrigation (CI) in removing pure injectable calcium hydroxide (CH) from root canals mandibular second premolars by measuring probable microleakage residual CH particles canal obturation using computerized liquid filtration (CLF). Materials Methods: Eighty instrumented were categorized into three expe...

OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effect of root canal disinfectants on the elimination of bacteria from the root canals, as well as their effect on glass-fiber posts bond strength. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-three endodontically treated root canals had post spaces of 11 mm in length prepared and contaminated with E. faecalis. For CFU/ml analysis, eight teeth were contaminated for 1 h or 30 ...

3D cleaning, shaping and obturation of root canals has always been the desired goal of endodontic treatment which in many cases is difficult to attain. The introduction of NiTi rotary files made a major change in endodontic practice, making treatment easier, safer and faster. Nevertheless, after 16 years of intensive development, most of these instruments still share several drawbacks, the majo...

BACKGROUND In arid and semi-arid countries there are often large areas where groundwater is brackish and where people have to obtain water from irrigation canals for all uses, including domestic ones. An alternative to drawing drinking water directly from irrigation canals or village water reservoirs is to use the water that has seeped from the irrigation canals and irrigated fields and that ha...

Eradication of microorganisms from an infected root canal before obturation is a primary focus of endodontic treatment, as well as the best predictor for the long-term success of the endodontic therapy. The purpose of this in vitro laboratory study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new tapered and stripped Er:YAG laser tip using PIPS (Photon Induced Photoacoustic Streaming) in root canals infec...

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of ultrasonically or laser (Nd:YAG or diode) activated irrigation on the irrigating solution extrusion compared to non-activated syringe irrigation. METHODS Extracted mandibular premolar teeth (n = 48) with single canals were instrumented. The teeth were secured through the lid of an Eppendorf tube filled with 1.0 mL distilled ...

Introduction Large-scale irrigation systems are central to the socio-economic development in developing countries. The systems not only support the livelihood of farmers who rely on them to water their crops, but also determine the amount of resources that the agricultural sector can generate to fuel industrial development in urban areas (Small and Svendsen 1992). In the last few decades, due t...

A comparative study about twomodels, Muskingum and integrator-delay (ID) models, for canal control is presented.The former is a simplified hydrological model which is very simple and extensively used in hydraulic engineering for simulation and prediction. The latter is also a model with physical meaning and is widely used for irrigation canals control. Due to a lack of general awareness of Musk...