A single-blind study involving amniotic-fluid samples from 214 pregnancies of known outcome confirms that an electrophoretically distinct isoenzyme of acetylcholinesterase is associated with fetal open neural tube defects. Furthermore, only one of 13 amniotic-fluid samples with false-positive results for alpha-fetoprotein showed the characteristic isoenzyme, indicating that qualitative acetylch...

The axenization of an Entamoeba histolytica isolate with a nonpathogenic isoenzyme electrophoretic pattern (zymodeme) was recently achieved for the first time (15). Forty days after the cells were transferred to the medium used for axenic cultivation, the amebae developed virulence properties, and the zymodeme converted to a pathogenic pattern. To exclude the possibility that the original isola...

Lymphocytes from patients with acute and chronic T-cell malignancy or chronic T gamma lymphocytosis were characterized by studying the activity of three enzymes involved in purine metabolism and by determining the isoenzyme pattern of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in addition to analysis of surface marker expression with monoclonal antibodies. Four clinically different types of disease were disti...

Isoenzyme analysis can be used to measure phenotypic changes and to characterize bacterial strains. The use of isoenzyme analysis to characterize bacterial hybrid vaccine strains that were prepared for human vaccination is described in this report. The hybrid vaccine strains were two lots of Salmonella typhi-Shigella sonnei vaccine, two lots of Escherichia coli-Shigella flexneri vaccine, and th...

BACKGROUND Leishmaniasis is endemic in Iran. Different species of Leishmania (L.) parasites are causative agents of this disease. Correct identification of Leishmania species is important for clinical studies, prevention, and control of the diseases. Mix up of Leishmania isolates is possible in the laboratory, so there is need for verification of species for isolates of uncertain identity. Diff...

Two isoenzymes of NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase have been identified in Acinetobacter lwoffi and have been termed isoenzyme-I and isoenzyme-II. The isoenzymes may be separated by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200, or by zonal ultracentrifugation in a sucrose gradient. Low concentrations of glyoxylate or pyruvate effect considerable stimula...

A new method for the separation of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is presented. One isoenzyme was identified in homogenate of small intestine, two were identified in bone, and two in liver, and fragment and biliary isoenzymes were identified in bile. Sera from 32 patients with different diseases of the skeletal system or the liver were ...

We separated and measured amylase isoenzymes in the serum and urine of 3036 normal persons by electrophoresis on a thin layer of polyacrylamide gel. We wished to establish the normal pattern of these isoenzymes and to evaluate the usefulness of this method of electrophoresis in clinical diagnosis. Results for patients with hyper- or hypofunctioning pancreas and salivary glands suggested that es...