Attention-directing cues presented at fixation evoke several lateralized event-related potential (ERP) components prior to the onset of visual targets. These components have been associated with the control of visuo-spatial attention, but the neuro-cognitive operations and neural generators of the components are still largely unknown. Here, we isolated cue-elicited ERP activity in different way...

Natural RNAs contain many base modifications that have specific biological functions. The ability to functionally dissect individual modifications is facilitated by the identification and cloning of enzymes responsible for these modifications, but is hindered by the difficulty of isolating site-specifically modified RNAs away from unmodified transcripts. Using the m1G37 and m1A58 methyl modific...

Using carboranes as counterions, fluorinated benzyl-type carbocations such as (p-FC(6)H(4))(2)CF(+), (p-FC(6)H(4))(CH(3))CF(+) and fluorinated trityl ions are readily isolated for X-ray and IR structural characterization.

Isolating processes within the brain that are specific to human behavior is a key goal for social neuroscience. The current research was an attempt to test whether recent findings of enhanced negative ERPs in response to unexpected human gaze are unique to eye gaze stimuli by comparing the effects of gaze cues with the effects of an arrow cue. ERPs were recorded while participants (N = 30) obse...

LEAFY orthologs are found throughout land plants. Degenerate primers were designed for amplifying exon 3 region fragments of the LEAFY gene. Sixteen taxa from different plants were sampled, all of which were successfully isolated, which indicated that this set of primers is universally applicable for all land plants. With the use of this method, there may be potential for applying LEAFY exon 3 ...

Research on employers’ hiring discrimination is limited by the unlawfulness of such activity. Consequently, researchers have focused on the intention to hire. Instead, we rely on a virtual labour market, the Fantasy Football Premier League, where employers can freely exercise their taste for racial discrimination in terms of hiring and firing. The setting allows us to eliminate co-worker, consu...

A commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (ProSpect Rapid Assay), a direct immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) test for stool testing (MERIFLUOR Cryptosporidium/Giardia), and an indirect IFA test for environmental testing (Hydrofluor-Combo Cryptosporidium/Giardia) were evaluated for detection of low public health risk Cryptosporidium oocyst isolates, and for C. parvum oocyst isolates from human and b...

A 2-dominating set of a graph G = (V,E) is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of V (G) \D has at least two neighbors in D. The 2-domination number of a graph G, denoted by γ2(G), is the minimum cardinality of a 2-dominating set of G. The non-isolating 2-bondage number of G, denoted by b2(G), is the minimum cardinality among all sets of edges E′ ⊆ E such that δ(G − E′) ≥ 1 and γ2(G ...

Four halotolerant fungal isolates originating from the saltwater Lake Urmia in Iran were selected during a screening program for salt resistance and α-amylase activity. The isolates were identified based on sequencing the ITS region and a part of the β-tubulin gene, as Penicillium chrysogenum (isolate U1; CBS 132820), Fusarium incarnatum (isolate U2; CBS 132821), and Penicillium polonicum (isol...