Abstract Background Directly Observed Treatment Short Course for Tuberculosis (TB) (DOTS) treatment currently produces a cure rate of 80%. Rifampicin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH) are the main bactericides; both show wide inter-individual pharmacokinetics narrow therapeutic range. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) antiTB drugs is strategy to improve response treatment. The aim this work was optimiz...

BACKGROUND The first line anti-tuberculosis drugs isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF) and pyrazinamide (PZA) continues to be the effective drugs in the treatment of tuberculosis, however, the use of these drugs is associated with toxic reactions in tissues, particularly in the liver, leading to hepatitis. Silymarin, a standard plant extract with strong antioxidant activity obtained from S. marian...

Long-half-life drugs raise the hope of once-a-week administration of antituberculous treatment. In a previous study with the murine model of tuberculosis, the most active intermittent regimen which contained rifapentine (RFP), isoniazid (INH), and moxifloxacin (MXF) given once a week during 5.5 months, preceded by 2 weeks of daily treatment with INH, rifampin (RIF), pyrazinamide (PZA), and MXF,...

From 1986-1989, sixteen patients suffering from TB meningitis aged 12-58, with CSF smear or culture positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were hospitalized and treated with rifampin (RIF) , isoniazid (INH) , pyrazinamide (PZA) and ethambutol (ETB) for nine months. In all patients, ETB and PZA were withdrawn after three months and INH and RIF were continued for the next six months. 81.2 p...

Salicylate induces multiple antibiotic resistance in various bacterial species. Here we investigated the effect of salicylate on the susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to a range of antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs. In the presence of salicylate, the killing effects of isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RMP), ethambutol (EMB), streptomycin (STR), and p-aminosalicylate (PAS) were reduced, as s...

In this randomized three year study of the primary treatment of 332 patients with cavitary or far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis, ethambutol (I Mitt was com pared to streptomycin (SM). One hundred eighty days of SM was compared to 180 days of EMB with each drug part of a three-drug regimen including isoniazid (INH) and para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS). A regimen of EMB-INH was compared to the th...

An 83-year-old woman taking isoniazid (INH) suddenly developed a headache, palpitations, and skin eruptions with itching while eating raw tuna. The symptoms were compatible with those of histamine intoxication. When given fresh raw tuna to eat, no such reactions were evoked in this patient. The episode was speculated to be due to two conditions; eating spoiled raw tuna and at the same time bein...

Methods: Two eighty nine (289) patients with cirrhosis of liver were evaluated for evidence of tuberculosis during a period of 24 months (March 2011 to March 2013) in a tertiary care centre. Patients with evidence of tuberculosis were randomised into two different ATT regimens (Regimen A and B) after exclusion. Regimen A included initial phase of isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), and ethambuto...

INTRODUCTION The urgent need for operational research evaluating test performance in a real-world setting has been highlighted. The purpose of this study was therefore to evaluate the performance of MTBDRplus assay. MATERIALS According to the reference method, of the 155 clinical specimens with valid results, 147 were susceptible to rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH), with 4 being multi-dru...

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children infected with HIV. Strategies to prevent TB in children include isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) and antiretroviral therapy (ART). IPT and ART have been reported to reduce TB incidence in adults but there are few studies in children. OBJECTIVE To investigate the combined effect of IPT and ART on TB risk ...