BACKGROUND Regimens for isoniazid-based preventive therapy (IPT) for tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected individuals have not been widely adopted given concerns regarding efficacy, adherence and drug resistance. Further, the cost-effectiveness of IPT has not been studied in India. METHODS We used an HIV/TB model to project TB incidence, life expectancy, cost and incremental cost-effectiveness o...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the resistance pattern of tuberculosis cases. METHODS A descriptive study was done in two out patient referral clinics from January 1999 to March 2003. All TB cases that had cultures positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis were evaluated. RESULTS Data from 71 proven culture positive patients was available. Resistance to at least one antituberculous drug was found in 44...

Isoniazid, the hydrazide of isonicotinic acid, was synthesized for the first time in 1912 by two Czech scientists, but its powerful antituberculous activity was detected only in 1951, and the discovery of isoniazid was a milestone in the chemotherapy of tuberculosis. Its activity is excellent against species of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, Mycoba...

In a head-to-head comparison of the MTBDRplus version 2.0 (Hain Lifescience), the Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid), and the Anyplex MTB/NTM (Seegene) assays, we demonstrated equal sensitivity (59/61; 96.7%) and specificity (53/54; 98.1%) for detecting rifampin resistance with further analysis of discordances. The Xpert assay does not detect isoniazid resistance while the Anyplex assay showed high false ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate a biochip system in determining isoniazid and rifampicin resistances of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples in a Chinese population. METHODS We assembled 907 sputum smeared positive specimens of tuberculosis patients in total. Each sample would be separated into two parts for culture and biochip assay simultaneously. And those cultured positive and having full d...

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is one of the leading causes mortality and morbidity in developing countries drug resistance remains a challenge. Drug hastened by point mutations bacilli genome their frequencies vary geographically hence need to understand regional specific patterns for early detection mutant strains. In this cross sectional study, Sputum samples from pulmonary clinical su...

Resistance to rifampin (rifampicin), isoniazid, and streptomycin of 69 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates was analyzed by an in-house method based on mycobacteriophage D29 and a colorimetric micromethod. Both methods showed sensitivity and specificity values ranging from 93% to 100%. These simple methods offer an option for drug resistance assessment of M. tuberculosis.

We report a draft genome sequence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain B9741 belonging to Beijing B0/W lineage isolated from a HIV patient from Siberia, Russia. This clinical isolate showed MDR phenotype and resistance to isoniazid, rifampin, streptomycin and pyrazinamide. We analyzed SNPs associated with virulence and resistance. The draft genome sequence and annotation have been deposited at ...

The prevalence of drug resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) shows marked geographic difference and is the key to determining drugs of choice for the initial treatment of tuberculosis (TB). This retrospective study investigated the MTBC resistance rate and its contributing factors based on the review of medical records from a hospital in central Taiwan. TB culture and antimicr...