In this talk I briefly explain the concept of the structure function of a photon (the best known boson). Then I review some of the current experimental evidence which confirms the existence of ‘strong’ interactions of photon suggested by this idea. I end by pointing out how the photon ‘structure’ has important implications for the interactions of high energy photons and hence for the design of ...

Particle physics aims to understand the universe around us. The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics describes the basic structure of matter and the forces through which matter interacts, to the extent we have been able to probe thus far. However, it leaves some big questions unanswered. Some are within the SM itself, such as why there are so many fundamental particles and why they have diff...

must then consider either the absolute value of the C"(p,pl) cross section or that of the AP7(p, 3prs) cross section (or both) to be in error. We have rather arbitrarily chosen to base our data on the 10.8-mb value for the AP'(p, 3prs) cross section at 420 Mev. Figure 1 shows that the cross section of the C"(p,pcs) C" reaction is a fairly insensitive function of the energy of the incident proto...

The understanding of flavour dynamics is one of the key aims of elementary particle physics. The last 15 years have witnessed the triumph of the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism, which describes all flavour changing transitions of quarks in the Standard Model. This important milestone has been reached owing to a series of experiments, in particular to those operating at the so-called B factories, at...

It is discussed how the Weyl geometric generalization of Riemannian geometry relates to Jordan-Brans-Dicke theory and how it leads to a weak generalization of Einstein gravity. The generalization of geometry goes back to Weyl’s proposal of 1918; the generalization of gravity was proposed by Omote, Utiyama, Dirac and others in the 1970s. Here we reconsider the conceptual potential of this approa...

Several modification of Einstein’s general relativity have been proposed and extensively studied so far by many cosmologists to unify gravitation and many other effects in the universe. Barber 1 has produced two continuous self-creation theories by modifying the Brans-Dicke theory and general relativity. The modified theories create the universe out of self-contained gravitational and matter fi...

The top quark, the W-boson and the Higg boson form an interesting triptych of elementary particles. In the Standard Model knowing the mass of two of these particles, usually the top quark and W-boson, we can predict the mass of the third, the Higgs boson. Therefore in this proceedings I will primarily cover the following topics, top quark physics, W-boson mass and the light Higgs boson at the p...

The main motivation of this article is to try to address such questions as why our universe is as it is from the smallest elementary particles to stars, galaxies and the largest cosmos. We attempt to offer our view on this fundamental problem by introducing energy levels for leptons and quarks as well as for hadrons, and by exploring both essential characteristics of four forces derived using t...

In these lectures I present a basic introduction to supersymmetry, especially to N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theories and their renormalization, in the Wess-Zumino gauge. I also discuss the various ways supersymmetry may be broken in order to account for the lack of exact supersymmetry in the actual world of elementary particles. On leave of absence from: Département de Physique Théorique – Univ...

The top quark, the W-boson and the Higg boson form an interesting triptych of elementary particles. In the Standard Model knowing the mass of two of these particles, usually the top quark and W-boson, we can predict the mass of the third, the Higgs boson. Therefore in this proceedings I will primarily cover the following topics, top quark physics, W-boson mass and the light Higgs boson at the p...