Two issues can be decided in a single election by a single committee or in two separate elections with separate committees, or two defendants can be tried together in a joint trial or tried separately in severed trials. If the issues are not separable, then the multiplicity of issues introduces new strategic considerations. As in the standard Condorcet Jury Theorem, we study these formats for s...

background: there is little information about blood supply of the carpal joint in one- humped camel, while there is extensive data about cow and equine species. in order to perform surgeries and diagnostic techniques in carpal region, information about the elements of the joint such as its arteries is necessary. objectives: this study aims at describing the origins, arrangements, and branches o...

This paper presents a comparison of two architectures for belief propagation in evidential networks, namely the binary join tree using joint belief functions [9] and the modified binary join tree using conditional belief functions [2]. This comparison is done from the perspective of graphical structure, messagepassing scheme, computational efficiency, storage efficiency, and complexity analysis...

In wireless sensor networks, fair and efficient rate allocation is an essential mechanism to avoid congestion collapse and system degradation. While most prior work in this context has focused on a static tree, we consider the joint optimization of routing and rate allocation in this work. We formulate LP problems to obtain max-min fairness and sum-rate efficiency. We show the tradeoff between ...

A novel approach based on genetic algorithms (GA) is developed to find a global minimum-jerk trajectory of a space robotic manipulator in joint space. The jerk, the third derivative of position of desired joint trajectory, adversely affects the efficiency of the control algorithms and stabilization of whole space robot system and therefore should be minimized. On the other hand, the importance ...

abstract introduction: in this study the role of pge2 as an important inflammatory mediator in indomethacine and theophylline effects on joint diameter and vascular response of chronically inflamed rat knee joint to saphenous nerve stimulation was investigated. methods: inflammation was induced by intraarticular injection of 0.2 ml freund,s complete adjuvant (fca) and 3, 7, 14, 21 days post inj...

The growth design is a new top-down design method for mechanical product conceptual design based on the decomposition and reconstruction of function surface. The reconstitution of function surface, determining the number, the style and the relationship of function surface are the key of conceptual structure in the process of growth design. It is the constraint of the manufacturability of the pa...

This paper analyzes two-tier heterogeneous cellular network with decoupled downlink and uplink access. The basic performance benefits of uplink/downlink decoupling have been recently introduced. Here we provide a more elaborate treatment of the decoupling mechanism by analyzing spectral and energy efficiency of the system, as the joint improvement of these two features is crucial for the upcomi...

This paper presents a new type of mechanism and trajectory planning strategy for bipedal walking robot. The newly designed mechanism is able to improve the performance of bipedal walking robot in terms of energy efficiency and weight reduction by utilizing minimum number of actuators. The usage of parallelogram mechanism eliminates the needs of having an extra actuator at the knee joint. This m...

In 1990’s emerging stock markets evolved from small, shallow, speculative markets into sizeable and liquid markets. If there is any relationship between market development and efficiency, it must show up in market efficiency tests over time. This conjecture is analyzed empirically, applying joint variance ratio (VR) test on weekly real Wednesday and Friday returns for 18 emerging stock markets ...