The Code of Points (CoP) is the evaluation tool of Rhythmic Gymnastics (RG) and contributes to its evolution as sport. This tool is applied in competition by the judges who have a crucial role in the performance evaluation. The aim of this study was to characterize the International judges, their perception of the objectivity of their judgment in competitions and their opinions about the conten...

Background: Home advantage has been demonstrated across a number of sports, yet questions still remain over the causes of the phenomenon. Crowd effects on sport officials have been one mechanism proposed in the literature. This study attempted to investigate the impact of crowd noise on home advantage by examining the influence of crowd noise on the judgement decisions of Muay Thai officials. M...

Federal appellate courts have devised several criteria to help judges distinguish between reliable and unreliable scientific evidence. The best known are the U.S. Supreme Court's criteria offered in 1993 in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. This article focuses on another criterion, offered by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, that instructs judges to assign lower credibility to "l...

Preference judgments have been demonstrated as a better alternative to graded judgments to assess the relevance of documents relative to queries. Existing work has verified transitivity among preference judgments when collected from trained judges, which reduced the number of judgments dramatically. Moreover, strict preference judgments and weak preference judgments, where the latter additional...

This paper aims at measuring the reliability of judges in MT evaluation. The scope is two evaluation campaigns from the CESTA project, during which human evaluations were carried out on fluency and adequacy criteria for English-to-French documents. Our objectives were threefold: observe both interand intra-judge agreements, and then study the influence of the evaluation design especially implem...

Guardianship is intended to protect incapacitated individuals through the appointment of a surrogate decision maker. Little is known about how judges, attorneys, and professional guardians assess the need for guardianship, to what extent they apply statutory guidelines when making these determinations, and how their decisions compare. Three groups of participants (probate judges, elder law atto...

judges should not be regarded as mere speakers of and tools in the hands of the legislature. they are as actors animating the laws enacted. the judges’ acting can be justified on three grounds: limitations of law-making, including lack of expertise in and inattention of, the being expedient of, and purposeful acts of legislature, being societies in transition, and impossibility of anticipating ...