Recent studies in cognitive linguistics have demonstrated that objects are conceptualised in terms of the actions they afford, i.e., in terms of their spatial-functional meaning. Since our interactions are constrained by the structure of our body, these studies view conceptualisation as essentially embodied. In this paper we argue that an object's abstract/figurative meaning is also embodied in...

The compound, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzop-dioxin (TCDD), is highly toxic. The LD50 for male and female rats given a single oral dose is 23 and 45 jug/kg, respectively (1). Adverse effects have been observed in a teratology study in which pregnant rats were given oral doses of 0.125-2.0 jug/kg-day TCDD from day 6 through day 15 of gestation (2). The adverse effects were increased fetal mortality...

The effect of Persian and almond gums (0, 0.1 and 0.2% (w/w)) as fat replacers and milk fat (0.4, 0.9, and 1.4% (w/w)) on physicochemical and rheological characteristics and microstructure of low-fat Iranian White cheese was studied. Persian and almond gums both effectively increased moisture-to-protein (M:P) ratio of low-fat cheese samples which in turn led to a significant reduction in the ha...

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a category of poisonous compounds found in milk and dairy products. The target of our research is to determine incidence and risk assessment AFM1 through the consumption of cheese in Hamadan province of Iran. Seventy cheese samples including cream cheese (n = 30) and Iranian white cheese (n = 40) were collected from different regions of Hamadan province, Iran and tested f...

The present work was aimed to define and validate farmstead production of lactose-free Pecorino di Osilo cheese, fresh ricotta cheese, and salted and smoked ricotta cheese (Ricotta mustia). The enzymatic activity of the commercial preparation containing lactase (1.1 g/mL), preliminarily tested using a spectrophotometric titration, showed activity equal to 4950±40 neutral lactase unit/g. The amo...

The study of food aversion in humans by the induction of illness is ethically unthinkable, and it is difficult to propose a type of food that is disgusting for everybody. However, although cheese is considered edible by most people, it can also be perceived as particularly disgusting to some individuals. As such, the perception of cheese constitutes a good model to study the cerebral processes ...

The effects of the addition of whey protein concentrates and clarification by-products obtained from ovine cheese whey and deproteinized whey (Sorelho) on the yield and quality of the whey cheese (Requeijão) have been evaluated. Whey protein concentrates were obtained by ultrafiltration of skimmed whey and Sorelho. The clarification by-products were obtained after the treatment of the skimmed w...

This research was carried out at the laboratories of Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damascus University, to investigate the effect of high temperatures on accelerating the ripening of kachcaval cheese, through determining the chemical and sensory indicators of ripened cheese using three temperatures (16°C, 20°C for a week) then completing the ripening process up to 60 days at ...

A moderate high-pressure processing (HPP) treatment is proposed to accelerate the shredability of Cheddar cheese. High pressure processing (345 and 483 MPa for 3 and 7 min) applied to unripened (1 d old) stirred-curd Cheddar cheese yielded microstructure changes that differed with pressure level and processing time. Untreated and pressure-treated cheese shredded at d 27 and 1, respectively, sha...

Cottage cheese was produced from reconstituted skimmed milk powder Fer­ mentation of skim milk with approximately 11.16% total solids was performed at 22 °C with 0,5% mesophilic starter culture, "O" type (DVS, Chr Hansen's Lab), without rennet addition. Dry Cottage cheese samples contained an average 21,32% total solids; 17.85%) proteins; 0.75%) ash; and 90.33 mg Ca/lOOg. The Cottage cheese pro...