OBJECTIVE To perform molecular typing of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE) strains endemic in various hospitals of Karachi, to characterize the mechanism of glycopeptide resistance and assess the genetic relatedness, for understanding its transmission locally. METHOD This was a cross sectional study conducted in the clinical and research laboratory of Aga Khan University Hospital (...

Objective: To assess the magnitude, causes and substandard care factors responsible for the third delay of maternal mortality seen in our unit III, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Civil Hospital, Karachi. Methods: This Cross-sectional, retrospective study was carried out on 152 mothers who died over a period of eight years from 1997 to 2004 at Civil Hospital Karachi. Death summaries of...

OBJECTIVE To provide size estimation and to determine risky behaviours and HIV prevalence among female sex workers in Pakistan, which has progressed from a low to concentrated level of HIV epidemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study (geographic mapping and integrated behavioural and biological survey-IBBS) was conducted between August 2005 to January 2006 in Karachi, Hyderabad and Sukkur. A det...

Objective: To find out relationship of zinc concentrations in blood and seminal plasma with various semen parameters between fertile and infertile men. Design: Prospective study. Setting: This study was carried out in the Infertility Clinic of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center (JPMC), Karachi and Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, JPMC, Karachi. Subjects & Methods: F...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of overhanging margins in amalgam restorations done by undergraduate students at Fatima Jinnah Dental College Hospital, Karachi. STUDY DESIGN Observational study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Operative Dentistry, Fatima Jinnah Dental Hospital, Karachi, from January to June 2009. METHODOLOGY Patients aged 20 - 45 years attending the Departm...

OBJECTIVE To compare CBCL (Child Behaviour Check Llist) Urdu, with the validated Urdu version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) used as "gold standard" among school children in Karachi, Pakistan, and to develop local cutoffs for CBCL using SDQ as a gold standard. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Schools of Karachi metropolitan area from Janua...

OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency of primary drug resistance among newly diagnosed tuberculosis cases in Karachi. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Multicentric study involving various TB clinics and treatment centres of Karachi between April to December 2005. METHODOLOGY The frequency of drug resistance among new TB patients was evaluated using a non-probabi...

AIMS To determine the prevalence of smoking in Karachi population and compare it with previous studies to see if any change has occurred in this addiction. SETTING Cross sectional survey in 5 districts of Karachi, using a questionnaire. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Apparently healthy subjects from 25 areas covering 5 districts of Karachi were interviewed regarding their smoking habits, ethnic origi...

The rapid pace of urbanization all over the world and growth motorization have led to an unsustainable transport system. Karachi is a city suffering from same phase urbanization. This article aims assess sustainability city’s existing transportation system economically, socially, environmentally degree motorization. Data was collected through field surveys conducted in 2020 which include 15 hou...

OBJECTIVES To determine the risk factors for depression among married women belonging to low and high socioeconomic status in Karachi. METHODS The study design was cross-sectional. The data was collected from 128 adult married women during July to September 2005. The women were selected from different socioeconomic classes from five hospitals/institutes in Karachi. The Centre for Epidemiology...