Private information retrieval (PIR) schemes enable a user to access one or more servers that hold copies of a database and privately retrieve parts of the n bits of data stored in the database. This means that the queries give each individual database no partial information (in the information theoretic or computational sense) on the identity of the item retrieved by the user. All known PIR sch...

Keyword advertising, or “sponsored links” that appear alongside online search results or other online content, has grown into a multibillion-dollar market. Providers of keyword advertising, such as Google and Yahoo, profit by auctioning keywords to advertisers. An issue of increasing importance for advertising providers is the “share structure” problem—that is, of the total available resources ...

In this paper we introduce a minimalist hypothesis for keywords extraction: keywords can be extracted from text documents by considering concepts underlying document terms. Furthermore, central concepts are individuated as the concepts that are more related to title concepts. Namely, we propose five metrics, that are diverse in essence, to compute the centrality of concepts in the document body...

•Extending our previous work on visual keywords, we use the concept of template-based visual keywords using MPEG-7 color descriptors. MPEG-7, also called the Multimedia Content Description Interface, has been a standard for many years. These color descriptors have the ability to characterize perceptual color similarity and need relatively low complexity operations to extract them, besides being...

—The scope of the existing literatures about loss firms includes the value relevance of accounting earnings, the heterogeneity of the value of the loss companies, the value drivers and driving mechanism of the loss corporations and the relation between the loss reversibility and the value of the loss corporations. They found some perspectives and experiences which will benefit the valuation of ...