Despite considerable speculation virtually nothing is known about the empirical relationship between traditional Tibetan administrative systems, household processes, and demographic trends in historical Tibetan populations because indigenous data sources have never been systematically analyzed. This article examines a 1958 tax register from Kyirong, formerly a district-level political division ...

abstract the study examines the growth effects of foreign direct investment on environmental quality in nigeria between 1970 and 2013. variables like per capita income, environmental degradation, foreign direct investment, human capital, inflation, trade openness, interest rate, and the interaction term between foreign direct investment and carbon emission were employed in the study. a long run...

The 20th century has seen unprecedented growth of the human population on this planet. While at the beginning of the century the Earth had an estimated 1.6 billion inhabitants, this number grew to 6.1 billion by the end of the century, and further significant growth is a near certainty. This paper tries to summarize what factors lie behind this extraordinary expansion of the human population an...

natural climatic conditions in urban areas can be changed by human physical environment. climate as a natural system and city as a human system have close mutual connections. urban population growth and consequent increase in urban physical expansion may lead to intensification in human activities and disturbances in the environment. this contributes to alterations in solar radiation, balance o...

during the recent decades, urban management in iran has increasingly confronted numerous challenges due to different kinds of social, cultural, political, executive, financial, and legal factors. the present study is going to specify and analyze the aforementioned challenges in the domain of the urban environment in order to determine how far they have been effective, how they have been priorit...

The lifecycle theory of saving and consumption predicts that changes in an economy’s rate of economic growth will affect its aggregate saving rate by changing the lifetime resources of younger people relative to older people. However, studies that track the saving behavior of cohorts of household heads over time as they age have yielded estimates of age-saving profiles that are too flat for gro...

This paper uses two classes of multidimensional indices to measure countries’ evolution towards the achievement of United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Our results suggest that improvements in the different MDGs tend to be uncorrelated among them and, on average, countries are largely offtrack in their way towards MDGs achievement. This evolution has been highly uneven across co...