Particle acceleration in magnetized relativistic jets still puzzles theorists, specially when one tries to explain the highly variable emission observed blazar or gamma-ray bursts putting severe constraints on current models. In this work we investigate of particles injected a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical jet subject driven kink instability (CDKI), which drives turbulence and fast ma...

We study the stability and attractor dynamics of an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate with dark or grey kink solitons in presence localized dissipation. To this end, 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation additional imaginary potential is solved numerically. analyze suppression snaking instability dependence dissipation strength extract threshold value for stabilization soliton experimentally realistic ...

Dit proefscrift werd mede mogelijk gemaakt met financï ele steun van de Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW). " Allah will exalt those who believe among you and those who have knowledge to high ranks. " (QS Al-Mujaadalah 58:11) for: my beloved ones Contents 1 Josephson junctions and sine-Gordon equations: an Introduction 3 1.1 Josephson junctions with phase shift 5 1.2 Sine...

In this paper, we study the symmetric travelling wave solutions of b-family Novikov equation. We show that equation can provide solutions, such as peakon, kink and smooth soliton solutions. particular, single two-peakon, stationary kink, anti-kink, two-kink, two-anti-kink, bell-shape hat-shape are presented in an explicit formula.

The stabilizing effect of an axial flow on the m = 1 kink instability in Z pinches has been studied numerically with a linearized ideal MHD model to reveal that a sheared axial flow stabilizes the kink mode when the shear exceeds a threshold. The sheared flow stabilizing effect is investigated with the flow-through Z pinch experiment, ZaP. An azimuthal array of surface mounted magnetic probes l...

The steps at the crystal surfaces could be partially transparent in the sense that the migrating adatoms can cross the steps without visiting a kink position. In the case of significant transparency the velocity of a given step in a given moment is affected by atomic processes which took place at rather distant terraces in rather earlier moments. The reason is that an adatom needs time to cross...

Similarities and differences between the phenomena of kink banding in compressed layered structures and shear banding in compressed granular media are explored. Simple models are introduced for both, and the focus is directed onto how they can nucleate from the perfectly flat state. A convincing scenario is found for each in which a mode develops from an initial bifurcation into a periodic stat...

Abstract Eruptions of solar filaments often show rotational motion about their rising direction, but the mechanism governing such rotation, and how rotation is related to initial morphology preeruptive filament (and cospatial sigmoid), chirality, magnetic helicity, remains elusive. The conventional view as a result flux rope (MFR) undergoing ideal kink instability still has difficulty explainin...

We consider non-topological, ”bell-shaped” localized and regular solutions available in some 1+1 dimensional scalar field theories. Several properties of such solutions are studied, namely their stability and the occurence of fermion bound states in the background of a kink and a kink-anti-kink solutions of the sine-Gordon model.

We have performed 3-D numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) jet experiments to study the instabilities associated with strongly toroidal magnetic fields. In contemporary jet theories, a highly wound up magnetic field is a crucial ingredient for collimation of the flow. If such magnetic configurations are as unstable as found in the laboratory and by analytical estimates, our understanding of MHD ...