Electron drift velocities have been measured in liquid krypton, pure and mixed with methane at di!erent concentrations (1}10% in volume) versus electric "eld strength, and a possible e!ect of methane on electron lifetime has been investigated. While no e!ect on lifetime could be detected, since lifetimes were in all cases longer than what measurable, a very large increase in drift velocity (up ...

0NE of the difficult problems in cardiac catheterization is the identification and localization of small left-to-right shunts. This is particularly trying with small residual shunts following intracardiac surgery. It is recognized that standard oximetry, indicator-dilution curves with injection into the right heart, and right-sided angiocardiography are not sensitive enough to identify small le...

Noble gases are mostly known as inert monatomic gases due to their limited reactivity with other elements. However, the first predictions of noble-gas compounds were suggested by Kossel in 1916, by von Antropoff in 1924, and by Pauling in 1930. It took many decades until the first noble-gas compound, XePtF6, was synthesized by Neil Bartlett in 1962. This was followed by gradual development of t...

An inversion procedure is used to obtain from the extended principle of corresponding - states the pair interaction potentials for argon, krypton and its mixture over a tetnperature range from absolute zero to the onset of ionization. The experimentally-reduced viscosity collision integrals obtained from the corresponding - states correlation have been inverted directly to give the reduced...

The present paper deals with a model for obtaining the optimum performance conditions for the KrF laser. The model is based on the dominant formation, quenching and absorption processes. For a given excitation density the analysis predicts the maximum photon density rate that can be extracted from the cavity together with the corresponding optimum argon and krypton densities as a function of th...

The continuous mode-locked dye laser is beginning to assume a role of considerable importance as a tool for the study of ultra fast photochemical and photophysical processes. The purpose of this article is to describe methods of generation of ultra short pulses from argon or krypton ion laser pumped jet-stream dye lasers, some of the pulses properties, and to give examples of applications that ...

Branching fractions were measured for electric dipole transitions from the 5p upper levels to the 5s levels in neutral krypton atoms. The measurements were made with a wall-stabilized electric arc and a 2m monochromator for the spectral lines in the visible, and with a hollow cathode lamp and the NIST 2m–Fourier transform spectrometer for the lines in the near infrared. A semi-empirical calcula...

New surface and layering phase diagrams are proposed based on generalized sine-Gordon models with and without a substrate potential. In particular, we find that the preroughening transition can be driven first order, explaining “zipper” features in heat capacity data for argon and krypton on graphite substrates. For different parameters, we predict the existence of a novel variant of den Nijs’ ...

Two photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (TALIF) measurements of neutral hydrogen and its isotopes are typically calibrated by performing TALIF measurements on krypton with the same diagnostic system and using the known ratio of the absorption cross sections [K. Niemi et al., J. Phys. D 34, 2330 (2001)]. Here we present the measurements of a new calibration method based on a ground stat...