STUDY DESIGN A retrospective radiological study of the ligamentum flavum (LF). PURPOSE This study is an attempt to measure and compare the thickening of the LF on both the sides with the use of magnetic resonance imaging, to investigate if there is a predominant tendency to thicken a specific side and also to determine if a correlation between the thickening of the LF and increasing age exist...

Whereas ribosomal proteins (r-proteins) are known primarily as components of the translational machinery, certain of these r-proteins have been found to also have extraribosomal functions. Here we report the novel ability of an r-protein, L4, to regulate RNA degradation in Escherichia coli. We show by affinity purification, immunoprecipitation analysis, and E. coli two-hybrid screening that L4 ...

Computer-assisted surgery, which provides simultaneous, multiplanar images of bone structures, has become widely used. However, registration maneuvering remains time consuming. The objective of this paper is to document the usefulness of CT-fluoro matching for spinal navigation. A spinal navigation system (VECTORVISION compact; Brain LAB, Germany) and a digital imaging system (OEC9800; CATHEX, ...

After an acute low thoracic spinal transection (T13), cats can be made to walk with the hindlimbs on a treadmill with clonidine, an alpha2-noradrenergic agonist. Because previous studies of neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro suggest that the most important lumbar segments for rhythmogenesis are L1-L2, we investigated the role of various lumbar segments in the initiation of walking movements on a...

In primary sensory cortices, thalamocortical (TC) inputs can directly activate excitatory and inhibitory neurons. In vivo experiments in the main input layer (L4) of primary visual cortex (V1) have shown that excitatory and inhibitory neurons have different tuning properties. The different functional properties may arise from distinct intrinsic properties of L4 neurons, but could also depend on...

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between spinal canal cross-sectional area (SCCSA) at stenosis level, areas multifidus (MF) muscle L3-S1 levels, and psoas (PSCSA) L3 level in patients with nerve compression due lumbar stenosis. Methods: A total 280 were included study, 140 control group that had been detected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). patients' ages, gen...

BACKGROUND Pedicle-screw-based posterior dynamic stabilization devices are designed to alleviate the rate of accelerated degeneration of the vertebral level adjacent to the level of spinal fusion. A new pedicle-screw-based posterior dynamic stabilization device- the Awesome Dynamic Rod System was designed with curve cuts on the rods to provide flexibility. The current study was conducted to eva...

STUDY DESIGN A retrospective radiological evaluation. PURPOSE To verify that PI is related with progression of IS as well as development of IS and to assess the differences of pelvic parameters between the L4 & L5 IS, as well as between single & two level IS. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE High pelvic incidence (PI) has been known to be related with development of IS. However, the previous studies ...

Real-time analysis of a system requires knowledge of the worst-case execution time of all code in the system. This requirement covers not only application code, but also operating system and kernel code. In this paper we discuss the issues specific to kernel code and how we aim to address these in our work towards analysing the L4 microkernel for the worst-case execution times of all system-cal...

Vincent M. Arlet, MD, and Andrew H. Milby, MD: The provided history, examination findings, and imaging studies are all consistent with the diagnosis of acute radiculopathy due to lumbar disk protrusion. Pain localized to the anterior thigh in combination with quadriceps weakness suggests involvement of the ipsilateral L3 or L4 nerve roots. Relief of pain with hyperflexion is a reverse-tension s...