Lambda words are sequences obtained by encoding the differences between ordered elements of the form i + jθ, where i and j are non-negative integers and 1 < θ < 2. Lambda words are right-infinite words defined over an infinite alphabet that have connections with Sturmian words, Christoffel words, and interspersion arrays. We show that Lambda words are infinite rich words. Furthermore, any Lambd...

Brouwer, Heyting, and Kolmogorov have proposed to define constructive proofs as algorithms, for instance, a proof of A ⇒ B as an algorithm taking proofs of A as input and returning proofs of B as output. Curry, De Bruijn, and Howard have developed this idea further. First, they have proposed to express these algorithms in the lambda-calculus, writing for instance λf A⇒A⇒B λx A (f x x) for the p...

Sodium exchange was studied in the arterially perfused papillary muscle of the dog. Three kinetically defined phases accounted for all the myocardial sodium: phase 0 (vascular)-lambda(o) (exchange constant) = 3.6 min(-1) phase 1 (interstitial)-lambda(1) = 0.62 min(-1); phase 2 (intracellular)-lambda(2) < 0.020 min(-1) in quiescent muscles. The phase 2 exchange rate was proportional to frequency...

We introduce and study a version of Krivine’s machine which provides a precise information about how much of its argument is needed for performing a computation. This information is expressed as a term of a resource lambda-calculus introduced by the authors in a recent article; this calculus can be seen as a fragment of the differential lambda-calculus. We use this machine to show that Taylor e...

AIM The aim of this study was to provide a more extensive evaluation of the effects of chronic aerobic exercise on various components of the insulin signalling cascade in normal rodent skeletal muscle because of the limited body of literature that exists in this area of investigation. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to either control (n = 7) or chronic aerobic exercise (n = 7) ...

We present a separated-linear lambda calculus based on a reenement of linear logic which allows separate control of weakening and contraction. The calculus satisses subject reduction and connuence, has a straightforward notion of standard evaluation, and inherits previous results on the relationship of Girard's two translations from minimal intuitionistic logic to linear logic with call-by-name...

We have studied homologous recombination in a derivative of phage lambda containing two 1.4-kb repeats in inverted orientation. Inversion of the intervening 2.5-kb segment occurred efficiently by the Escherichia coli RecBC pathway but markedly less efficiently by the lambda Red pathway or the E. coli RecE or RecF pathways. Inversion by the RecBCD pathway was stimulated by Chi sites located to t...

The definition of open bisimilarity on the χ-processes does not give rise to a sensible relation on the χ-processes with the mismatch operator. The paper proposes ground open congruence as a principal open congruence on the χ-processes with the mismatch operator. The algebraic properties of the ground congruence is studied. The paper also takes a close look at barbed congruence. This relation i...

‎In this work four uncertain delay differential equations of Volterra-Levin type will be considered‎. ‎Applying suitable contraction mapping and fixed point method‎, ‎the stability the studied‎. ‎It shown that solutions are bounded and‎, ‎with additional condition‎, tend to zero‎. ‎Also‎, ‎a necessary sufficient condition for asymptotic an equation presented‎.

One way of characterizing Atle Selberg’s mathematical genius is that he had a “golden touch”. In those domains he thought about in depth, he saw further than generations before him, repeatedly uncovering truths lying below the surface. His breakthroughs on long-standing problems were based on imaginative and novel ideas which, once digested, were appreciated as simple and decisive. The impact o...