Context: Practitioners may use design patterns to organize program code. Various empirical studies have investigated the effects of pattern deployment and work experience on the effectiveness and efficiency of program maintenance. However, results from these studies are not all consistent. Moreover, these studies have not considered some interesting factors, such as a maintainer’s prior exposur...

This paper focuses on how language resources (LR) for translation (hence LR4Trans) feature, and should ideally feature, within a corporate workflow of multilingual content development. The envisaged scenario will be that of a content management system that acknowledges the value of LR4Trans in the organisation as a key component and corporate knowledge resource.

Data base management evolved during the sixties and seventies. The evolution period was protracted. Many driving forces impacted the evolution and it is the aim of this paper to analyze these driving forces (some technical and some political) and to discuss the impact of each. The driving forces are identified as follows: higher level languages, generalization of software, non-procedural approa...

Most frame languages either are glaringly deficient in their treatment of default information or do not represent it at all. This paper presents a formal description of a frame language that provides semantically sound facilities for representing default information and an efficient serial algorithm for inheriting default information down class-subclass and class-member hierarchies constructed ...

ING Group is a global financial services institution offering banking, insurance and asset management to 60 million private, corporate and institutional clients world-wide. ING has a market capitalisation of 23 billion euros and total assets of over 700 billion euros. Similar to other global financial institutions ING depends on information technology for delivering its services. Obviously, all...

Presented here are methods for successfully controlling software maintenance activity so that present systems will be more useful and less expensive to support. While it is based on experience at Los Alamos National Laboratory, it is not based on solutions developed and implemented there. Los Alamos is presently struggling with the problems identified in this paper and is impacted by them to th...

A huge amount of rough data is available in companies on past maintenance activities as a result of the implementation of CMMS (Computerized Maintenance Management System). In that context, we focus on an experience feedback system dedicated to maintenance, allowing the capitalization of past interventions by means of a formal knowledge representation language, and the extraction from these int...

This Special Issue focuses on family language policy as part of the maintenance and shift efforts Turkish heritage-speaker families in Australia, Belgium, France, Sweden Netherlands.

Although XET is a powerful rule language, a mechanism to provide an automatic update on an XML document according to monitored events cannot be realized easily under the common use of XET. Proposed in the paper is a simple XML-expression transformation by XET enabling applications to perform update actions on an XML document when an event is detected. As a case study, it will be shown that XET ...