background: focal laryngeal candidiasis is not reported widely and is very infrequently recognized clinically. this disease is rare and may occur after pulmonary, pharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis or as part of disseminated disease. it is also secondary to inhaled steroid therapy which is usually mild and has been reported in 10-15 percent of patients taking these medications.  case present...

introduction: laryngeal cancer is the second most common cancer involving the respiratory tract, second only to lung cancer. previous studies have shown opium dependency to be a possible risk factor for laryngeal cancer. opium consumption is a major problem in some parts of the world. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of opium consumption on the pattern of involvement in laryn...

Activating FGFR3 mutations in human result in achondroplasia (ACH), the most frequent form of dwarfism, where cartilages are severely disturbed causing long bones, cranial base and vertebrae defects. Because mandibular development and growth rely on cartilages that guide or directly participate to the ossification process, we investigated the impact of FGFR3 mutations on mandibular shape, size ...

The potential effects of prenatal administration of dexamethasone (DEX) and postnatal treatment with 2-oxoglutaric acid (2-Ox) on postnatal development of connective tissue of farm animals were not examined experimentally. The aim of this study was to establish changes in morphological parameters of bone and articular and growth plate cartilages damaged by the prenatal action of DEX in piglets ...

INTRODUCTION Type I laryngoplasty has become the most dependable procedure for the management of anterior and midglottic incompetence since its classification by Isshiki in 1974. Many procedure variations have emerged, including the development of numerous techniques, implants, and prefabricated systems increasing the utilization of medialization laryngoplasty. Sharp dissection of the cartilage...

The incidence of Relapsing Polychondritis is estimated to be 3.5 cases per million with only 600 cases being reported in the world. It can affect any age ranging from 5 to 84 years with predominance in the fourth and fifth decade. Male to female ratio varies from 1:1 to 1:3. It is believed to be an immunologic reaction to collagen Type II which is predominantly presented in the cartilaginous st...

OBJECTIVE To review the indications for, surgical techniques of, and results of intermediate crural overlay of the alar cartilages in rhinoplasty. DESIGN Prospective study of patients undergoing intermediate crural overlay of the lower lateral cartilages. The setting was a facial plastic surgery private practice. Patients included 10 primary rhinoplasty patients and 1 revision rhinoplasty pat...

BACKGROUND Sex differences have been reported in the prognosis of certain cancers. In this study, we investigated whether Korean females display better survival rates compared with male patients for solid tumor sites. METHODS We analyzed data from the Korean National Cancer Incidence Database from 599,288 adult patients diagnosed with solid cancers between 2005 and 2009. Patients were followe...

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling controls various aspects of organogenesis, including skeletal development. We previously demonstrated that the pro-BMP function of Crossveinless 2 (Cv2) is required for axial and non-axial skeletal development in mice. Here, we showed that skeletal defects in the Cv2-null mutant were reversed by the additional deletion of Twisted gastrulation (Tsg). Wh...

fewer than 15% of lipomas occur in the head and neck. lipomas of the larynx are very rare benign laryngeal tumors (0.6%). to date less than 100 case of laryngeal lipoma have been reported in the literature.clinical manifestation include progressive horseness, dyspnea, and even dysphagia. in the direct exam smooth or pedunculated mass is seen in the larynx and sometimes if tumor is large enough ...