A potential model intended to be a general purpose model for the condensed phases of water is presented. TIP4P/2005 is a rigid four site model which consists of three fixed point charges and one Lennard-Jones center. The parametrization has been based on a fit of the temperature of maximum density (indirectly estimated from the melting point of hexagonal ice), the stability of several ice polym...

Gold nanorods have been found to change their shape after excitation with intense pulsed laser irradiation. The final irradiation products strongly depend on the energy of the laser pulse as well as on its width. We performed a series of measurements in which the excitation power was varied over the range of the output power of an amplified femtosecond laser system producing pulses of 100 fs du...

Recently friction stir welding for manufacturing of welded tubes has been developed. Friction stir welding is a continuous solid state welding process in which a non-consumable rotating tool using severe plastic deformation Can join materials can be join materials. Commonly, a portion of a specially shaped rotating tool is plunged between metalsjoint cross section and adjacent faces of the join...

Lithium-ion batteries are widely used for many applications such as portable electronic devices and Electric Vehicles, because they have lighter weight, higher energy density, higher power density, and a higher energy-to-weight ratio than other types of batteries. Conventional contact-based cutting technology may be inefficient whenever cell design is changed since lithium-ion battery cells are...

Laser irradiation parameters, especially the laser fluence and the number of pulses are very important factors affecting microstructures formation and improvement of the surface characteristics in different medical, electronic and the other industrial applications. Information about the fluence domain and the number of pulses for the formation of the structures is very important and determines ...