The Bowen ratio-energy balance (BREB) is a micrometeorological method often used to estimate latent heat flux because of its simplicity, robustness, and cost. Estimates of latent heat flux have compared favorably with other methods in several studies, but other studies have been less certain, especially when there was sensible heat advection. We compared the latent heat flux of irrigated alfalf...

The exact amount of vaporization losses and melt layer thickness resulting from a plasma disruption are very important to fusion reactor design and lifetime. Experiments using ion or electron beams to simulate the disruption effects have different environments than the actual disruption conditions in fusion reactors. A model has been developed to accurately simulate the beam-target interactions...

We estimate a lower bound on the amount of latent heat liberated by freezing droplets. Based on a physical picture of the freezing process, we arrive at an estimate for the effective latent heat (calculated along a reversible path), suitable for heat budget calculations of glaciating clouds. In addition, we arrive at a quadratic dependence on supercooling for the irreversible contribution to he...

in this paper, we present a fractional mathematical model of a one-dimensional phase phase change problem (stefan problem) with latent heat a power function of position. this model includes space-time fractional derivatives in caputo sense and time dependent surface heat flux. an approximate solution of this model is obtained by optimal homotopy asymptotic method (oham) to find an approximate s...

Gas turbine inlet fogging and overspray (high-fogging) have been considered the most cost-effective means of boosting a gas turbine’s total power output, especially under hot or dry weather conditions. The result of employing fogging or overspray is indisputably clear − total power output is increased; however, development of the theory and explanation of the phenomena associated with fogging a...

TiO2 nanoparticles about 20 nm in diameter in the form of anatase were prepared and characterized. The nanoparticles were successfully dispersed into a paraffin wax (PW) matrix without any surfactant. The differential scanning calorimetric instrument and the transient short hot-wire method were used to measure the thermal properties of the TiO2/PW composites. It is found that the phase-change t...

The desired reduction of fossil fuel consumption the aviation sector requires introduction alternative jet fuels from renewable sources. A major hurdle for their is cost-intensive assessment effects on combustion performance, which relies fuel-dependent processes such as atomization, vaporization and chemical reaction. present work describes results a newly designed experiment that provides acc...

Abstract Freeze desalination (FD) has several benefits compared to vaporization-based and membrane-based methods. The FD process needs approximately 1/7th of the latent heat required by processes. involvement sub-zero temperature in reduces risk corrosion scaling. This paper reviews advances methods involving stand-alone hybrid that operate with without utilizing energy released during re-gasif...