the hydrophobic proteins of plant plasma membrane still remain largely unknown.  for example in the arabidopsis genome, receptor-like kinases (rlks) are plasma membrane proteins, functioning as the primary receptors in the signaling of stress conditions, hormones and the presence of pathogens form a diverse family of over 610 genes. a limited number of these proteins have appeard in protein pro...

objectives: acinetobacter baumannii is a gram-negative, non-motile aerobic bacterium known as a nosocomial pathogen resisting often to broad range of antibiotics. the pathogen is a serious agent of mortality and morbidity in hospital particularly among immunocompromise patients. treatment and control of its infections is complicated owing to its high antibiotic resistance, survival in various e...

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a human gammaherpesvirus, establishes a lifelong latent infection in B lymphocytes and epithelial cells following primary infection. Several lines of evidence suggest that exosomes derived from EBV-infected cells are internalized and transfer viral factors, including EBV-encoded latent membrane protein and microRNAs, to the recipient cells. However, the detailed mechan...