Methods The radiographs of 30 consecutive patients operated on because of IS were examined. Seven independent researchers assessed the X-rays, in 3 stages at one week intervals. Stage 1: Lenke type was determined on AP and lateral long film standing X-rays. Stage 2: Lenke type was established by use of AP and lateral standing X-rays, completed with supine traction films. Stage 3: Lenke type was...

BACKGROUND Surgery for same level multi-focal extruded lumbar disc herniations is technically challenging and the optimal method controversial. The subarticular disc herniation may pose the most challenging subtype requiring partial or complete facetectomy with or without fusion. The far-lateral disc herniation, often treated using a Wiltse approach, can also be difficult to access especially i...

In this work, suspension characterization of a rapid transit vehicle is performed with a multi-body dynamic model that represents full degrees of freedom of a rapid transit vehicle. The effects of lateral suspension properties on passenger ride comfort and stability are investigated by variation of critical suspension parameters using design of experiment method. The critical suspension propert...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND) is a systemic and fatal neurodegenerative condition for which there currently no cure. Informal caregivers play vital role in supporting the person with ALS, it essential to support their wellbeing. This multi-centre, mixed methods descriptive exploratory study describes complexity of burden self-defined difficulties as described by...

In managing an inventory network, two approaches to the pooling of stock have been proposed. Reactive transshipments respond to shortages at a location by moving inventory from elsewhere within the network, while proactive stock redistribution seeks to minimize the chance of future stockouts. This paper is the first to propose an enhanced reactive approach in which individual transshipments are...

Service oriented architectures facilitate loosely coupled collaborations, which are established in a decentralized way. One challenge for such collaborations is to guarantee consistency, that is, fulfillment of all constraints of individual services and deadlock-freeness. This paper presents an overview on a decentralized approach to consistency checking, which utilizes only bilateral views of ...

BACKGROUND Descent of the lateral aspect of the brow is one of the earliest signs of aging. The purpose of this study was to describe an open surgical technique for lateral brow lifts, with the goal of achieving reliable, predictable, and long-lasting results. METHODS An incision was made behind and parallel to the temporal hairline, and then extended deeper through the temporoparietal fascia...

BACKGROUND The optimal long-term management of the congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor continues to cause controversy within the specialty. The Angle Society of Europe meeting 2012 dedicated a day to address some of the current controversies relating to the management of these missing lateral incisors. FINDINGS The format of the day consisted of morning presentations and afternoon ...

 In recent years, high-rise construction has been rising. A big challenge for engineers and executives in the construction of these structures is the stability of the structures against earthquakes. And this requires the development of appropriate arrangements for structures under lateral system and are braced system. And this requires the development of appropriate arrangements for structures ...