micro-leakage, one of the major reasons for recurrent decays, may lead to uncontrollable flow of liquids, pulp inflammation and peri-apical pathology. the purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate micro-leakage of pit and fissure sealants after using three different pit and fissure preparation techniques: 1) acid etching, 2) fissure enameloplasty and acid etching, and 3) air abrasion and a...

extended abstract abstract pressure management is an effective method for water demand management. for evaluation of the effects of pressure changes on leakage level of water networks, the favad equation is usually used. however, in this equation, exponent of pressure parameter (n) needs to be determined. for estimation of n, either some information about the leak opening is necessary or networ...

BACKGROUND Although complications related to suprapubic cystostomies are well documented, there is scarcity of literature on safety issues involved in long-term care of suprapubic cystostomy in spinal cord injury patients. CASE PRESENTATION A 23-year-old female patient with tetraplegia underwent suprapubic cystostomy. During the next decade, this patient developed several catheter-related com...

A new design on the electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection scheme for CMOS IC operating in power-down-mode condition is proposed. By adding a VDD_ESD bus line and diodes, the new proposed ESD protection scheme can block the leakage current from I/O pin to VDD power line to avoid malfunction during power-down-mode operating condition. During normal circuit operating condition, the new proposed...

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is very popular and an efficient method as a gold standard in management of renal calculi. It is the first-choice method in management of renal calculi larger than 2 cm. Our patient underwent PCNL upon observing multiple renal calculi larger than 10 mm in a lower pole of the right kidney. Biopsy was performed during PNCL because morphology and endoscopic view...

Experiments have been performed to determine some of the factors affecting the release of intracellular enzymes, in the hope of improving our understanding of the mechanisms whereby tissue enzymes reach the circulation in disease processes. The discharge of intracellular enzymes into the medium during prolonged incubation of human leukocytes and rat lymphocytes has been shown to be inversely re...

Correlated sources are present in communication systems where protocols ensure that there is some predetermined information for sources. Here correlated sources across an eavesdropped channel that incorporate a heterogeneous encoding scheme and their effect on the information leakage when some channel information and a source have been wiretapped is investigated. The information leakage bounds ...