We introduce Leap-List, a concurrent data-structure that is tailored to provide linearizable range queries. A lookup in Leap-List takes O(log n) and is comparable to a balanced binary search tree or to a skip-list. However, in Leap-List, each node holds up-to K immutable key-value pairs, so collecting a linearizable range is K times faster than the same operation performed non-linearizably on a...

Fourteen adult frogs including six banded frog, Rana camerani and eight marsh frog, Rana ridibunda ridibunda were collected from two sites of Chahar Mahal-o-Bakhtiari province at the southwest of Iran and then were examined for helminth parasites. Only Dolichosaccus rastellus  (50%) was found in R. camerani, Skrjabinoeces similis (50%) and metacercarian cysts of Codonocephalus urniger (12....

Incremental particle growth in turbulent protoplanetary nebulae is limited by a combination of barriers that can slow or stall growth. Moreover, particles grow massive enough to decouple from the gas are subject inward radial drift which could lead depletion most disk solids before planetesimals form. Compact probably not realistic. Rather, it more likely grains as fractal aggregates may overco...

We investigate higher order symplectic integration strategies within Bayesian cosmic density field reconstruction methods. In particular, we study the fourth-order discretisation of Hamiltonian equations motion (EoM). This is achieved by recursively applying basic second-order leap-frog scheme (considering single evaluation EoM) in a combination even numbers forward time steps with intermediate...

background: there has been increasing awareness throughout the world regarding the remarkable decrease in amphibian population. for such amphibian population decline several causes have been given. cadmium, a heavy metal is released both from natural sources (leaching of cadmium rich soils) and anthropogenic activities to the aquatic and terrestrial environments. this study evaluated the toxici...