Urticarial vasculitis (UV) is a protean disorder that can be triggered by myriad of causes although it often idiopathic. Treatment successful with corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressive drugs. However, when cause found, specific treatment the underlying problem or removal an offending agent will resolve symptoms. This report describes patient UV thyroid replacement, necessitated Hashimoto's t...

In patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma, long-term inhibition of thyrotropin (TSH) secretion through levothyroxine administration is required when there is evidence of persistent or recurrent disease. In these cases, levothyroxine doses should be monitored to achieve the objectives of inhibiting TSH and avoiding clinical hyperthyroidism. The possibility that suppressive therapy may pr...

BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism can manifest with cardiac abnormalities, often consisting of a combination of morphologic and functional changes. Low voltage, sinus bradycardia, and slowed conduction are usually found on electrocardiography.There are few reports of occurrence of torsades de pointes as the first presentation of long QT syndrome in the course of hypothyroidism. CASE PRESENTATION In p...

The exchange of a prescribed drug by other similar, by generic products and even by custom products has become common practice in our country, often ignoring basic tenets of bioequivalence, interchangeability, stability and characteristics of the pharmaceutical compounds. In the case of drugs of narrow therapeutic index, such as levothyroxine, these problems are intensified, putting the effecti...

Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2002) reveals 3.7% prevalence of hypothyroidism in the general population [1]. 10.3 million People or 4.6% of those surveyed reported use of thyroid hormones (levothyroxine, liothyronine, or desiccated thyroid) [1]. Desiccated Thyroid Extract (DTE) of animal origin has been used to treat hypothyroidism since 1892 [2,3]. Sev...

AIM To identify a set of contributors, and weight and rank them on a pathophysiological basis. METHODS Patients who have undergone a lactulose or glucose hydrogen breath test to rule out small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) for various clinical symptoms, including diarrhoea, weight loss, abdominal pain, cramping or bloating, were seen as eligible for inclusion in a retrospective singl...