We consider the statistical properties of primary sequences of two-letter HP copolymers (H for hydrophobic and P for polar) designed to have water soluble globular conformations with H monomers shielded from water inside the shell of P monomers. We show, both by computer simulations and by exact analytical calculation, that for large globules and flexible polymers such sequences exhibit long-ra...

This paper estimates the risks of financial distress in UK universities, and uses these estimates to examine the basis of the annual levies paid to the UK’s Pension Protection Fund by the Universities Superannuation Scheme, a multi-employer scheme covering 391 universities and related institutions. The paper compares the payments between the two alternative participating arrangements for multi-...

In this article, we study the numerical approximation of stochastic differential equations driven by a multidimensional fractional Brownian motion (fBm) with Hurst parameter greater than 1/3. We introduce an implementable scheme for these equations, which is based on a second order Taylor expansion, where the usual Lévy area terms are replaced by products of increments of the driving fBm. The c...

Local government units carry costs related to the shaping and spatial development of communes, are consequently interested in sharing benefits that land property owners gain on this account. This is possible through, inter alia, betterment levy. The aim study was determine reasons for discontinuation levy charging Poland, illustrated with example Gorlicki County. A further classify suggest dire...

We consider models for stock prices which relates to random pro cesses with independent homogeneous increments Levy processes These models are arbitrage free but correspond to the incomplete nancial market There are many di erent approaches for pricing of nancial derivatives We consider here mainly the approach which is based on minimal relative entropy This method is related to an utility func...