Rehabilitation of patients following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has undergone remarkable improvements over the past two decades. During this time, ACL research has been at the forefront of many orthopaedic and sports physical therapy clinics. With over 20 years of ACL rehabilitation experience (senior author) and prior collaboration with accelerated ACL rehabilitation pione...

The tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) joint suffers a spectrum of injuries ranging from solely ligamentous injury to fracture dislocation. The authors evaluated eighteen consecutive patients who underwent surgery for tarsometatarsal joint injuries, utilising 4.5 mm cancellous screws and 1.6 mm K-wires. The outcome of function and anatomical reduction were assessed by AOFAS (American Orthopedic Foot an...

Background: ACL disruption is the commonest ligamentous knee injury among active adults, invariably leading to changes in kinematics which are most likely result secondary degenerative and long-term functional impairment. Thus, due ACL's crucial role as primary restraint against anterior tibial translation, its reconstruction using varying graft options being extensively studied for better outc...

Biomechanical variations in cervical spinal responses due to the changes in the material characteristics of ligamentous tissues and intervertebral disc, and facetectomy are a subject of concern for the diagnosis of spinal stability. There are many in vitro and finite element (FE) biomechanical studies to evaluate the effects of facetectomy, disc and ligamentous tissues based on injured and stab...

Chronic ankle instability after ligamentous injuries has been attributed to loss of proprioception, but there has been no previous study of the mechanoreceptors in human ligaments at this joint. We have examined the ligaments from five cadaver ankles for mechanoreceptors and classified them into the four types described by Wyke and Freeman in their study of feline ligaments. Type-II receptors, ...

In transition-band steady-state free precession (SSFP) functional MRI (fMRI), functional contrast originates from a bulk frequency shift induced by a deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration change in the activated brain regions. This frequency shift causes a magnitude and/or phase-signal change depending on the off-resonance distribution of a voxel in the balanced-SSFP (bSSFP) profile. However, i...