Objective(s): High Mobility Group Box1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone, DNA-binding protein that serves a crucial role in regulating gene transcription and is involved in a variety of proinflammatory, extracellular activities. The aim of this study was to explore whether HMGB1 stimulation can up-regulate the expression of Toll-like Receptor 2 (TLR2) and Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) on macrophages from p...

Although triiodothyronine (T3) is widely used clinically, preclinical support for its antidepressant-like effects is limited, and the mechanisms are unknown. We evaluated 1) the antidepressant-like effects of T3 in the novelty suppressed feeding test (NSFT), tail suspension test (TST), and forced swim test (FST), 2) the role of presynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors in the antidepressant-like mechanism...

References 1. Kataoka H, Kume N, Miyamoto S, Minami M, Moriwaki H, Sawamura T, et al. Expression of lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 in human atherosclerotic lesions. Circulation 1999;99:3110–7. 2. Kume N, Kita T. Roles of lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) and its soluble forms in atherogenesis. Curr Opin Lipidol 2001;12:419–23. 3. Murase T, ...

In the present study, interactions of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists with water swimming stress (WSS) on naloxone-induced jumping in morphine-dependent mice were examined. Mice were rendered dependent as described in the methods section. The opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (1 mg/kg), was injected to elicit jumping (as a withdrawal sign). The first group exposed to WSS in the pr...

Abstract Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, due part to their distinct immune system, characterized by impaired induction T-helper 1 (Th1)□immunity. Here we describe cationic adjuvant formulation (CAF)-08, liposomal vaccine tailored induce Th1 immunity early life via synergistic engagement Toll-like Receptor 7/8 the C-type lectin recepto...