The stability evaluation of the slope commonly uses limit equilibrium methods, for example, Fellenius’ method in Japan. The limit equilibrium methods have two limitations. (1) It is necessary to divide the sliding mass into slices, and to set up some additional equations to make the problem statically determinate. (2) It is necessary to search sliding surface with a minimum safety factor. Shear...

Biological sensory systems generally operate out of equilibrium, which often leads to their improved performance. Here, we study the sensitivity of ligand concentration for a general receptor model, which is generally in the non-equilibrium stationary state, in the framework of a stochastic diffusion equation. We derived a general formula of the maximum sensitivity. Specifically, the sensitivit...

In a standard financial market model with asymmetric information with a finite number N of risk-averse informed traders, competitive rational expectations equilibria provide a good approximation to strategic equilibria as long as N is not too small: equilibrium prices in each situation converge to each other at a rate of 1/N as the market becomes large. The approximation is particularly good wh...

In this work we use a new approach to investigate the equilibrium and linear dynamic-mechanical response of a polymer network. The classical Rouse model is extended to incorporate quenched constraints on its end-boundary conditions; a microscopic stress tensor for the network system is then derived in the affine deformation limit. To test the model we calculate the macroscopic stress in equilib...

We analyze the behavior of a competitive n-tier supply chain system, where agents bargain with each other locally. We study the influence of transaction costs on the convergence of the system to a stationary outcome. In particular, we consider a dynamic bargaining game among a finite set of agents and its replications, and use a limit stationary equilibrium to examine the system’s behavior as t...

In this work, a modified Leslie–Gower-type predator–prey model is analyzed, considering now that the prey population is affected by a weak Allee effect, complementing results obtained in previous papers in which the consequences of strong Allee effect for the same model were established. In order to simplify the calculations, a diffeomorphism is constructed to obtain a topological equivalent sy...

background: this study consists of two parts. the first part deals with both qualitative and quantitative analysis of 226ra using alpha spectrometry measurement method. in the second part, the percentage of radioactive equilibrium between 226 ra and its daughter products were determined by alpha spectrometry and total alpha measurement system after elapsed time of 15 days from precipitation. ma...

We investigate the existence, properties and approach to stationary non-equilibrium states of infinite harmonic crystals. For classical systems these stationary states are, like the Gibbs states, Gaussian measures on the phase space of the infinite system (analogues results are true for quantum systems). Their ergodic properties are the same as those of the equilibrium states: e.g. for ordered ...