This study aimed at analysing the utilization of an electronic nose (e-nose) to serve as a specific monitoring tool for anaerobic digestion process, especially for detecting organic overload. An array of non specific metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors were used to detect process faults due to organic overload events in twelve 1.8-L anaerobic semi-continuous reactors. Three different load str...

This study was conducted among individuals taking first-line antiretroviral treatment (ART) for at least 12 months under programme conditions in Maputo, Mozambique in order to report on the level of detectable viraemia and the proportion and types of drug resistance mutations among those with detectable viral loads. HIV-1 RNA viral load levels (lower detection limit <50 copies/ml) were measured...

A capacitive wireless power transfer (C-WPT) system uses an electric field to transmit power through a physical isolation barrier which forms a pair of ac link capacitors between the metal plates. However, the physical dimension and low dielectric constant of the interface medium severely limit the effective link capacitance to a level comparable to the main switch output capacitance of the tra...

Oculomotor behavior reveals, not only the acquisition of visual information at fixation, but also the accumulation of information in memory across subsequent fixations. Two candidate measures were considered as indicators of such dynamic visual memory load: fixation duration and pupil size. While recording these measures, we displayed an arrangement of 3, 4 or 5 targets among distractors. Both ...

OBJECTIVE To explore the backpack load as a percentile of body weight (BW) and its impact on ventilatory function including tidal volume (Vt), vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF), and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) among 9-12 year old Saudi girls. METHODS This is a prospective, experimental ...

In this study, an extended stress-based forming limit diagram (FLD) for prediction of necking based on the Marciniak and Kucznski (M-K) model is represented and applied in tube hydroforming. The bulge forming of a straight tube is simulated by finite element method and verified with published experimental data. This adaptive simulation technique is based on the ability to detect the onset an...

Devices that are pinned to the tibia to tension an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft produce joint reaction loads that in turn can affect the maintenance of graft initial tension after tibial fixation and hence knee anterior-posterior (AP) load-displacement. However, the effect of these devices on AP load-displacement is unknown. Our objectives were to determine whether tensioning by devic...

For application of the plastic analysis and design methods the control of the plastic behaviour of the structures is an important requirement. In this study, the complementary strain energy of the residual forces is considered as an overall measure of the plastic performance of the structure. Shakedown theorem for the analysis of the plastic behaviour of the laterally loaded piles is developed ...