In indigenous populations, age can be estimated based on family structure and physical examination. However, the accuracy of such methods is questionable. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate occlusal tooth wear related to estimated age in the remote indigenous populations of the Xingu River, Amazon. Two hundred and twenty three semi-isolated indigenous subjects with permanent ...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have found that high and cold temperatures increase the risk of childhood diarrhea. However, little is known about whether the within-day variation of temperature has any effect on childhood diarrhea. METHODS A Poisson generalized linear regression model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model was used to examine the relationship between diurnal temperatur...

The shape diversity among populations of Scartelaos tenuis (Day 1876) from five stations (194 specimens) in the Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz (Qeshm Island), and the Sea of Oman were investigated. The shape variation was assessed by geometric morphometrics, using 14 morphological landmarks. The two sexes were not distinguishable by the shape. Fish samples were classified into two distinct grou...

To investigate whether the relationship between tooth shape ratio and incisor arrangement proposed by Peck et al. in 1972 was applicable to Japanese children, we compared two groups, one with normal permanent dentition and another with crowded permanent dentition, using chronologically constructed plaster dentition models. Tooth shape ratio was obtained by dividing the incisor mesio-distal widt...

The general setting of regression analysis is to identify a relationship between a response variable Y and one or several explanatory variables X by using a learning sample. In a prediction framework, the main assumption for predicting Y on a new sample of X observations is that the regression model Y = f(X) + ǫ is still valid. Unfortunately, this assumption is not always true in practice and t...

Three-dimensional object shape is commonly represented in terms of deformations of a triangular mesh from an exemplar shape. Existing models, however, are based on a Euclidean representation of shape deformations. In contrast, we argue that shape has a manifold structure: For example, summing the shape deformations for two people does not necessarily yield a deformation corresponding to a valid...

introduction controlling greenhouse microclimate not only influences the growth of plants, but also is critical in the spread of diseases inside the greenhouse. the microclimate parameters were inside air, greenhouse roof and soil temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation intensity. predicting the microclimate conditions inside a greenhouse and enabling the use of automatic control sys...

Three-dimensional object shape is commonly represented in terms of deformations of a triangular mesh from an exemplar shape. Existing models, however, are based on a Euclidean representation of shape deformations. In contrast, we argue that shape has a manifold structure: For example, summing the shape deformations for two people does not necessarily yield a deformation corresponding to a valid...

Two recent studies, the second of which is reported herein, provide evidence that genetic variation in the sweet receptor subunit, TAS1R3, and the second messenger, gustducin (GNAT3), affect the ability of people to correctly sort ascending concentrations of sucrose. These findings raise questions about how variation in the TAS1R3 and GNAT3 gene shape the human sweet tooth and its unwelcome con...