Spatial downsampling layers are favored in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to downscale feature maps for larger receptive fields and less memory consumption. However, visual recognition tasks, these might lose discriminative details due improper pooling strategies. In this paper, we present a unified framework (LAN) over the common (e.g., average pooling, max strided convolution) from view...

This paper addresses the problem of lip segmentation in color space, which is a crucial issue to the success of a lip-reading system. We present a new segmentation approach to lip contour extraction by taking account of the color difference between lip and skin in color space. Firstly, we obtain a lip segment sample via a color transformation sequence in 1976 CIELAB and LUX color spaces. Second...

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation is an important part of treatment in patients with COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) with the goal of achieving and maintaining maximum functional independence since this disease causes symptoms including fatigue, and consequently decrease in daily living activity. Aim: To determine the effect of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation on daily living...

a comparison on dentofacial cephalometric measurements between two mouth breathing groups with anterior and posterior obstructions of nasal airway zaeim* - dr. m.r. baghersad** dr. m.h. toodeh * - assistant professor of oral orthodontics dept. - faculty of dentistry - yazd university of medical sciences. ** - dentist. background and aim: the goal of this study was to compare dentofacial cephalo...

Introduction: Advanced lip carcinomas can invade adjacent structures. Performing surgery for these cancers will lead to defects in this anatomically and functionally important area and will cause post-op difficulties such as drooling, speech alterations and aesthetic considerations, if not properly managed. Case Report: In this study, we will introduce a radial forearm free flap with palmari...

For many years, speech has been the most natural and efficient means of information exchange for human beings. With the advancement of technology and the prevalence of computer usage, the design and production of speech recognition systems have been considered by researchers. Among this, lip-reading techniques encountered with many challenges for speech recognition, that one of the challenges b...

The use of visual information from lip movements can improve the accuracy and robustness of a speech recognition system. Accurate extraction of visual features associated with the lips is thus very important. In this paper, we present a deformable model-based technique for lip contour extraction from color lip images. The geometric lip model we proposed is able to fit different lip shapes. Our ...

Lip contour detection and tracking is the most important pre-requisite for computerized speech reading. Several approaches have been proposed for lip tracking after lip contour is accurately initialized on first frame. Detection and tracking of the lip contour is an issue in speech reading. A relatively large class of lip reading algorithms are available based on lip contour analysis. In these ...