To generate cellular diversity in developing organisms while simultaneously maintaining the developmental potential of the germline, germ cells must be able to preferentially endow germline daughter cells with a cytoplasmic portion containing specialized cell fate determinants not inherited by somatic cells. In Caenorhabditis elegans, germline inheritance of the protein PIE-1 is accomplished by...

The ongoing loss of predators is changing the composition of food webs, with largely un known consequences. In particular, the effects of multiple fish predators on food webs are difficult to predict due to the prevalence of omnivory and intra guild predation. At the same time, many ecosystems experience high nutrient loads that fuel food webs from the bottom up. To test the combined effects of...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to characterise Campylobacter growth in enrichment broths (Bolton broth, brain heart infusion broth), caecal material (in vitro), and in the naturally infected live broilers (in vivo) in terms of mean lag periods and generation times as well as maximum growth rates and population (cell concentration) achieved. METHODS Bolton and brain heart infusion ...

The present study was planned to determine an optimum live-feeding protocol for angelfish larvae (Pterophyllum scalare). Larvae with initial weight of 0.10 mg, a length 4.5 mm, and depth 1 mm were reared on three different feeding regimens 30 days. All experimental larval groups fed Artemia nauplii from the end yolk-sac resorption. control treatment (Group I) maintained days 14-28, + dry feed 2...

The accumulation of bacteria in Brachionus plicatilis and Artemia franciscana during a Ž . short-term incubation was quantified using immunocolony blot ICB and an enzyme-linked Ž . immunosorbent assay ELISA . Four bacterial strains, isolated from turbot and halibut, were Ž 7 y1. grazed effectively by both species when given at high concentrations G5=10 bacteria ml . B. plicatilis accumulated 21...

Young omnivores show food neophobia in order to avoid the potential harmful effects of ingesting unfamiliar food items. We investigated whether the presence of the mother and an enriched rearing environment would reduce food neophobia in piglets. A mother may provide information on suitable food types to include in the diet, whereas an enriched environment may stimulate behavioural development ...

Conventional culture methods were compared to a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for simultaneous detection of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 from enrichment cultures of various types of artificially inoculated and naturally contaminated foods. The multiplex PCR assay was evaluated in 44 types of spiked food samples, including meat, produce,...