The impact of bioreactor and sparger scale-up on gas transfer properties was investigated using four geometrically similar bioreactors ranging in size from 15-L to 2500-L total volume with the same sintered metal frit (microporous) sparger design. The mass transfer coefficients for both oxygen and carbon dioxide were measured at each scale at various flow rates. Scale did not directly affect ga...

The roles of chemical kinetics and mass transfer in two types of bioreactors (packed-column reactors and rotating disk bioreactors), used with continuous-flow sample/ reagent(s) processing, are discussed in detail. A normalized quantitative comparison between these types of reactors clearly shows that rotating disk reactors afford a significantly more efficient utilization of immobilized active...

Permeable reactive barriers are a technology that is one decade old, with most full-scale applications based on abiotic mechanisms. Though there is extensive literature on engineered bioreactors, natural biodegradation potential, and in situ remediation, it is only recently that engineered passive bioreactive barrier technology is being considered at the commercial scale to manage contaminated ...

Optimizing bioprocesses requires an in-depth understanding, from a bioengineering perspective, of the cultivation systems used. A characterization is typically performed via experimental or numerical methods, which are particularly well-established for stirred bioreactors. For unstirred, non-rigid such as wave-mixed bioreactors, methods prove to be problematic, often only simplified geometries ...

background: familial adenomatous polyposis (fap) is a well-known entity for specialistrnand it has near 100% chance of malignant changes if does not managed surgically. in orderrnto reduce the disadvantages of laparatomy and diverting ileostomy we present ourrnresults of laparoscopic total proctocolectomy without diverting ileostomy.rnobjectives: the aim of this study was to present the results...

Two important and large non-point sources of nitrogen in residential areas that adversely affect water quality are stormwater runoff and effluent from on-site treatment systems. These sources are challenging to control due to their variable flow rates and nitrogen concentrations. Denitrifying bioreactors that employ a lignocellulosic wood chip medium contained within a saturated (anoxic) zone a...

Platinum group metal (PGM) refining processes produce large quantities of wastewater, which is contaminated with the compounds that make up the solvents/extractants mixtures used in the process. These compounds often include solvesso, beta-hydroxyxime, amines, amides and methyl isobutyl ketone. A process to clean up PGM refinery wastewaters so that they could be re-used in the refining process ...

Background: Recently, the surgical methods are used in patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture and have been associated with successful results. There are different results in the term of using of the surgical methods for anterior cruciate ligament that often is associated with some complications such as infection, static laxity, remaining the pain, need to recurrence surgery, and limi...