Diagnostic ultrasound techniques used in the evaluation of the musculoskeletal system are rapidly evolving. Conventional B-mode and Doppler ultrasound imaging methods are workhorses in the diagnosis and treatment decision making for traumatic and pathologic conditions of joints, tendons, muscles, ligaments, and peripheral nerves. Recently developed sonoelastography techniques enable the qualita...

statistically and found to be of little value in reliably determining the presence or absence of DVT. The differential diagnosis for leg pain and swelling includes lymphedema, chronic venous insufficiency, infection (cellulitis), aneurysm, pseudoaneurysm, Baker cyst, and other musculoskeletal causes. Diagnosis of DVT depends on the clinician’s pretest probability assessment and a combination of...

Eight to 12 million people in United States have PAD (Allison et al. 2007). Only ~10% of patients with PAD have classic intermittent claudication (IC), ~50% have atypical leg symptoms and ~40% are asymptomatic (Hiatt 2001). Its prevalence significantly increases with age; 12 – 20% of those above the age of 65 years suffer from PAD (Ostchega al. 2007). The prevalence of PAD is similar in men and...

University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 The iirst junctional/oat/-carrying ant! efll~r;.:e ticaffy lIUWl /Ol1/Ol/S exoskefetoll ww' demollstrated at the University o/Califomia, Berkeley, lilli/kill/: at tile llveragl' speed of 1.3 11I 1s (2. 9 mph) while carrY;lIg a 34 kg (75 lb) payload. Four jllllc/ame1lta/ tec/lll% gies associated with the Berkeley lower extremity exoskeleton ...

G ANGRENE of an extremity caused by venous occlusion without associated arterial occlusion is uncommon. Haimovicil noted that Fabricus Hildanus, in 1593, apparently recognized the possibility of gangrene of venous origin; it was not until 1859, however, that Heuter2 reported a case, giving an excellent account of the clinical and pathologic criteria of this type of gangrene. Gregoire,3 in 1938,...

Prosthetic components for both transtibial and transfemoral amputations are available for patients of every level of ambulation. Most current suspension systems, knees, foot/ankle assemblies, and shock absorbers use endoskeletal construction that emphasizes total contact and weight distribution between bony structures and soft tissues. Different components offer varying benefits to energy expen...

OBJECTIVE To improve lower extremity function and balance in elderly persons, we developed a novel, three-dimensional interactive augmented reality system (3D ARS). In this feasibility study, we assessed clinical and kinematic improvements, user participation, and the side effects of our system. METHODS Eighteen participants (age, 56-76 years) capable of walking independently and standing on ...