BACKGROUND Intermuscular approaches can expose the lumbar spine and minimize muscular trauma and injury. The segmental anatomy of the posterior lumbar musculature allows surgical access through separation of muscle groups and fascicles and provides one to develop intermuscular working channels while preserving the integrity of the muscles and their function. In addition, preservation of the acc...

Ralstonia mannitolilytica is a low-virulence, gram-negative bacillus which causes opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients. Postoperative spondylodiscitis by R. has not been reported so far. We report the management of two cases postoperative caused presenting to our center within span one month following endoscopic lumbar discectomy at different center. They were managed successfu...

BACKGROUND Pain management is an important component in the postoperative period following discectomy. AIMS We hypothesized that mesalamine considering its better safety profile, is likely to be a better choice, if it would be as effective as ibuprofen in controlling post-discectomy pain. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A double-blind randomized controlled trial was performed on patients who underwent ...

Major vascular injuries during lumbar disc surgery are rare but well-recognized complications. However, vascular injuries of the branches of the aorta and ureteral injuries are very rare. Although its incidence is not known definitely, it is estimated to be 1/1000. Ureteral injuries comprise less than 1% of all genitourinary traumas. In this article, we report clinical progress of a patient who...

In conventional percutaneous disc surgery, introducing instruments into disc space starts by inserting a guide needle into the triangular working zone. However, landing the guide needle tip on the annular window is a challenging step in endoscopic discectomy. Surgeons tend to repeat the needling procedure to reach an optimal position on the annular target. Obturator guiding technique is a modif...