Mechanical ventilation is the live-saving therapy in intensive care medicine by all means. Nevertheless, it can induce severe mechanical stress to the lung, which generally impairs the outcome of the therapy. To reduce the risk of a ventilator induced lung injury (VILI), lung protective ventilation is essential, especially for patients with a previous medical history like the adult respiratory ...

Reexpansion pulmonary oedema (RPE) is a rare but potentially fatal complication with no clear cut guidelines for its management. When the injury to the lung is primarily one sided, conventional modes of ventilation can be ineffective and at times harmful. Selective or independent lung ventilation (ILV) is one of the therapeutic modality that can be used for the treatment of such cases. We repor...

The last very-successful management of mechanical ventilation was in 2000 when application of low tidal volume and moderate pressure was introduced. It was then followed by the open- and baby-lung concept in order to open up the lung and keep the lung open. However, these strategies are followed with several adverse effects. Therefore, studies were performed in order to improve the outcome of m...

Hyperpolarised 3He ventilation-MRI, anatomical lung MRI, lung clearance index (LCI), low-dose CT and spirometry were performed on 19 children (6-16 years) with clinically stable mild cystic fibrosis (CF) (FEV1>-1.96), and 10 controls. All controls had normal spirometry, MRI and LCI. Ventilation-MRI was the most sensitive method of detecting abnormalities, present in 89% of patients with CF, com...

Gas exchange is improved during partial liquid ventilation with perfluorocarbon in animal models of acute lung injury. The specific mechanisms are unproved. We measured end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) by null-point body plethysmography in anesthetized sheep. Measurements of gas exchange and EELV were made before and after acute lung injury was induced with intravenous oleic acid to decrease E...

Isoflurane has been reported to inhibit hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. However, the effects of one-lung ventilation and isoflurane on regional pulmonary blood flow (Qr) have not been investigated in detail. Therefore, using radionuclide labelled microspheres we measured Qr in rabbits (n = 8) in the left lateral decubitus position during two- and one-lung ventilation under i.v. baseline ana...

A case is reported of complete isolated occlusion of the right pulmonary artery resulting in underperfusion of the right lung; this was confirmed radiographically and at thoracotomy. Bronchospirometry showed that there was a reduction of ventilation to the right lung. When this lung alone was supplied with a carbon dioxide rich mixture there was a shift of ventilation towards the normal pattern...

OBJECTIVES Newborns with pulmonary infection frequently present with acute lung injury leading to ventilation/perfusion abnormalities in which intravenous delivery of antibiotics to the lung can be suboptimal. Tidal liquid ventilation (TLV) has been shown to be an effective means for delivering drugs directly to the pulmonary system. The objective of this study was to compare, with lung injury,...

UNLABELLED We tested the hypothesis that, under relatively low tidal volume (VT) mechanical ventilation, continuing lung decruitment induced by negative end-expiratory pressure (NEEP) would increase the lung cytokine response, potentially contributing to lung injury. Mouse lungs were excised and randomly assigned to one of 3 different ventilatory strategies: 1) the zero end-expiratory pressure ...

BACKGROUND The present study will focus on the rationale for the use of small tidal volume with 6 cmH2O positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) with the changes of arterial oxygen tension, plateau airway pressure, and static lung compliance during one lung ventilation for endoscopic thoracic surgery. METHODS Forty-three patients were intubated with a double-lumen endobronchial tube. After pos...