Introduction: Increasing the level of social welfare with access the poor to order and security, education and health services, social security, increase the capacity of the economy in the chapters of agriculture, water and electricity, industries and mines, business, energy, transportation, information technology is possible. Meanwhile, the extent of government presence in how public policies ...

there are two major theories of measurement in psychometrics: classical test theory (ctt) and item-response theory (irt). despite its widespread and long use, ctt has a number of shortcomings, which make it problematic to be used for practical and theoretical purposes. irt tries to solve these shortcomings, and provide better and more dependable answers. one of the applications of irt is the as...

anxiety is one common disorder during childhood. in curing anxiety disorders, there are different types of psychological remedies, pharmotherapy, family therapy, and music therapy that can improve the individual’s anxiety, but we need some other remedies to improve social and emotional relationship and interactions. considering the importance of curing the anxiety disorders, the effect of sand ...

The Islamic Revolution of 1979 in Iran, led by Imam Khomeini as a religious authority, helped establish a political order whose domestic and foreign policy was based on Islamic ideology. The aim of this study was to investigate Imam Khomeini’s discourse of foreign policy in relation to national interests and security, and Islamic ideology on three levels, namely, ideology, strategy, and diploma...

Introduction: Increasing the level of social welfare with access the poor to order and security, education and health services, social security, increase the capacity of the economy in the chapters of agriculture, water and electricity, industries and mines, business, energy, transportation, information technology is possible. Meanwhile, the extent of government presence in how public policies ...

abstract this study aimed at investigating the effect of bilingual teaching of cognate words (persian-english) on iranian upper intermediate efl learners’ knowledge of lexical development. for this purpose,100 subjects participated in this study out of which 40 learners were selected for this study and they were assigned into two groups, control and experimental. cross-language cognates (wor...

in the past couple of decades sociocultural theory of sla and its implications in efl contexts have attracted attentions of research circles worldwide and aroused some controversies. firth and wagner (1997) have questioned the principles of the cognitive view which gives importance to mental constructs in favor of sociocultural view which highlights social and contextual constructs. but if soci...