This thesis presents a new actuator system consisting of a micro-actuator and a macroactuator coupled in parallel via a compliant transmission. The system is called the Parallel Coupled Micro-Macro Actuator, or PaCMMA. In this system, the micro-actuator is capable of high bandwidth force control due to its low mass and direct-drive connection to the output shaft. The compliant transmission of t...

objective: soil organic carbon has been the most important soil quality measurement factors and has intense relation with soil physical, chemical and biological characteristics. organic matter and its components are important factors of soil aggregates constitution and stability and play significant role in its structure. so, this research has been done for achieving this purpose. methods: this...

We present a combined macro-scale/micro-scale computational approach to quantify oxygen transport and flow-mediated shear stress to human chondrocytes cultured in three-dimensional scaffolds in a perfusion bioreactor system. A macro-scale model was developed to assess the influence of the bioreactor design and to identify the proper boundary conditions for the micro-scale model. The micro-scale...

Metals content affects not only for nutritional value of plants, but also their resistance to stress. So it was revealed that cationic composition changes hydration cytoplasm. Hydration cytoplasm positively correlated with alkali metals, a representative which is potassium, and negatively amount alkaline earth metals (calcium, magnesium). Variability rice collection samples in terms sodium, cal...

Despite a general, if often provisional, acceptance of quantum indeterminacy, and a now orthodox physicalism on which macroscopic states are held to depend in some sense on microscopic states, many philosophers of mind and of science continue to work under the assumption that macro states, such as brain states, evolve deterministically from prior macro states. Frequently this presumption is imp...

We discuss a condition required for forming and maintaining dynamics of macro structure in a society from the dynamical view of society, which regards social structure as dynamically changing with time. We summarize results of a multi-agent simulation composed of agents having internal dynamics. In the simulation, we observe the dynamics of a macro structure itinerating among various ordered st...

Trivariate C macro-elements defined in terms of polynomials of degree 8r + 1 on tetrahedra are analyzed. For r = 1, 2, these spaces reduce to well-known macro-element spaces used in data fitting and in the finite-element method. We determine the dimension of these spaces, and describe stable local minimal determining sets and nodal minimal determining sets. We also show that the spaces approxim...

ABC Fax + 41 61 306 12 34 E-mail [email protected] www.karger.com © 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel 0301–0171/04/1064–0289$21.00/0 Accessible online at: www.karger.com/cgr Abstract. Comparative analysis of micro B and macro B chromosomes of the Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae, collected in populations from Siberia and the Russian Far East, was performed with Giemsa, DAPI, Ag-NOR staining and chr...